Organometal Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: A Diamond in the Rough

Grätzel, Michaël; Park, Nam‐Gyu

doi:10.1142/s1793292014400025

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…6,69 As discussed, methylammonium-based PSC tends to hydrolyze in the presence of moisture, thus triggering a non-reversible degradation process. 52,101,102 Although it has been reported that intermediate monohydrate phases can revert back to MAPbI 3 , further degradation results in a final decomposition products of PbI 2 and aqueous CH 3 NH 3 I, which further decompose into volatile compounds such as CH 3 NH 2 , HI, or I 2 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

et al. 2016

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The power-conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has soared up to 22.1% earlier this year. Within merely five years, the perovskite solar cell can now compete on efficiency with inorganic thin-film technologies, making it the most promising of the new, emerging photovoltaic solar cell technologies. The next grand challenge is now the aspect of stability. The hydrophilicity and volatility of the organic methylammonium makes the work-horse material methylammonium lead iodide vulnerable to degradation through humidity and heat. Additionally, ultraviolet radiation and oxygen constitute stressors which can deteriorate the device performance. There are two fundamental strategies to increasing the device stability: developing protective layers around the vulnerable perovskite absorber and developing a more resilient perovskite absorber. The most important reports in literature are summarized and analyzed here, letting us conclude that any long-term stability, on par with that of inorganic thin-film technologies, is only possible with a more resilient perovskite incorporated in a highly protective device design.

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confidence: 99%

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, it is urgent to make clear the decay mechanism of this easily air-slaked material, which is fundamentally meaningful and is also a critical step for pursuing more appropriate solutions. As a model system of perovskite organometallic halide, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 has been intensively studied recently, including the instability problem in moisture1314151617181920. For instance, in 2014, Niu and Frost et al proposed a set of degradation equations16 and a possible decomposition pathway17, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Hydrolysis of Perovskite Organometallic Halide CH3NH3PbI3 in Humidity Environment

Zhao

Cai

Luo

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

112

107

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Instability of emerging perovskite organometallic halide in humidity environment is the biggest obstacle for its potential applications in solar energy harvest and electroluminescent display. Understanding the detailed decay mechanism of these materials in moisture is a critical step towards the final appropriate solutions. As a model study presented in this work, in situ synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction was combined with microscopy and gravimetric analysis to study the degradation process of CH3NH3PbI3 in moisture, and the results reveal that: 1) intermediate monohydrated CH3NH3PbI3·H2O is detected in the degradation process of CH3NH3PbI3 and the final decomposition products are PbI2 and aqueous CH3NH3I; 2) the aqueous CH3NH3I could hardly further decompose into volatile CH3NH2, HI or I2; 3) the moisture disintegrate CH3NH3PbI3 and then alter the distribution of the decomposition products, which leads to an incompletely-reversible reaction of CH3NH3PbI3 hydrolysis and degrades the photoelectric properties. These findings further elucidate the picture of hydrolysis process of perovskite organometallic halide in humidity environment.

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“…These can achieve over 18% energy efficiency [4] but they are so expensive that nobody uses them -especially not anyone living on less than $10 a day, i.e., the majority of people in the world [5,6]. Photovoltaics based on lead iodide perovskite might be a promising alternative [7] if problems with photoand thermal stability, scaling, and lead toxicity can be resolved [8]. Potential cost savings are also possible with photoelectrochemical cells (PEC) that combine photovoltaic and electrolytic functions in one unit ( Fig.…”

Section: Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting As a Pathway To Sustainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoscale Effects in Water Splitting Photocatalysis

Osterloh

2015

Topics in Current Chemistry

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From a conceptual standpoint, the water photoelectrolysis reaction is the simplest way to convert solar energy into fuel. It is widely believed that nanostructured photocatalysts can improve the efficiency of the process and lower the costs. Indeed, nanostructured light absorbers have several advantages over traditional materials. This includes shorter charge transport pathways and larger redox active surface areas. It is also possible to adjust the energetics of small particles via the quantum size effect or with adsorbed ions. At the same time, nanostructured absorbers have significant disadvantages over conventional ones. The larger surface area promotes defect recombination and reduces the photovoltage that can be drawn from the absorber. The smaller size of the particles also makes electron-hole separation more difficult to achieve. This chapter discusses these issues using selected examples from the literature and from the laboratory of the author.

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Organometal Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics: A Diamond in the Rough

Cited by 25 publications

References 36 publications

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

Research Update: Strategies for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells

Investigation of the Hydrolysis of Perovskite Organometallic Halide CH3NH3PbI3 in Humidity Environment

Nanoscale Effects in Water Splitting Photocatalysis

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