Organoids of the female reproductive tract

Chumduri, Cindrilla; Turco, Margherita Y.

doi:10.1007/s00109-020-02028-0

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 241 publications

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“…The wide range of clinical applications of organoids is the subject of a recent review by Drost and Clevers 12 . Many excellent reviews have been published about different organoid types, such as heart 13,14 , brain [15][16][17] , liver 18,19 , kidney [20][21][22] , pancreas [23][24][25] , and female reproductive tract 26 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Towards organoid culture without Matrigel

2021

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Organoids—cellular aggregates derived from stem or progenitor cells that recapitulate organ function in miniature—are of growing interest in developmental biology and medicine. Organoids have been developed for organs and tissues such as the liver, gut, brain, and pancreas; they are used as organ surrogates to study a wide range of questions in basic and developmental biology, genetic disorders, and therapies. However, many organoids reported to date have been cultured in Matrigel, which is prepared from the secretion of Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma cells; Matrigel is complex and poorly defined. This complexity makes it difficult to elucidate Matrigel-specific factors governing organoid development. In this review, we discuss promising Matrigel-free methods for the generation and maintenance of organoids that use decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM), synthetic hydrogels, or gel-forming recombinant proteins.

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confidence: 99%

Towards organoid culture without Matrigel

2021

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“…ervical mucosa being a protective barrier against invading pathogens into the upper female reproductive tract is often challenged by the invading pathogens and dysbiosis 1,2 . Coinfections are increasingly being discovered in clinical practice, yet their implication in disease development is unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Modelling Chlamydia and HPV co-infection in patient-derived ectocervix organoids reveals distinct cellular reprogramming

et al. 2022

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Coinfections with pathogenic microbes continually confront cervical mucosa, yet their implications in pathogenesis remain unclear. Lack of in-vitro models recapitulating cervical epithelium has been a bottleneck to study coinfections. Using patient-derived ectocervical organoids, we systematically modeled individual and coinfection dynamics of Human papillomavirus (HPV)16 E6E7 and Chlamydia, associated with carcinogenesis. The ectocervical stem cells were genetically manipulated to introduce E6E7 oncogenes to mimic HPV16 integration. Organoids from these stem cells develop the characteristics of precancerous lesions while retaining the self-renewal capacity and organize into mature stratified epithelium similar to healthy organoids. HPV16 E6E7 interferes with Chlamydia development and induces persistence. Unique transcriptional and post-translational responses induced by Chlamydia and HPV lead to distinct reprogramming of host cell processes. Strikingly, Chlamydia impedes HPV-induced mechanisms that maintain cellular and genome integrity, including mismatch repair in the stem cells. Together, our study employing organoids demonstrates the hazard of multiple infections and the unique cellular microenvironment they create, potentially contributing to neoplastic progression.

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“… 219 , 220 , 221 To understand the underlying mechanisms of female reproductive system physiology and related disorders such as embryo implantation and early embryonic development, molecular and functional interactions of embryos or trophoblasts with decidua including epithelial, stromal, and immune cells should be investigated. 212 , 223 , 224 , 225 Complex organotypic models involving cancer organoids and endometrial organoids co‐cultured with stromal and/or immune cellular components have been developed. 222 , 226 Interestingly, a recent study developed an air‐liquid interface (ALI) method to establish patient‐derived organoids (PDOs) preserving diverse endogenous immune cells and other non‐epithelial cell types.…”

Section: Discussion—perspectives and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanobiology of the female reproductive system

Matsuzaki

2021

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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The field of mechanobiology focuses on how the responses of cells, tissues, and organs to mechanical cues, resulting from both intracellularly generated and externally generated forces, contribute to development, differentiation, physiology and disease via the integration of medicine, biology, engineering, and physics. [1][2][3] How living cells can sense their environment and adequately respond in terms of morphology, migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival requires understanding at multiple scales, from molecules to single cells, tissues, and organs. [1][2][3] More than a century ago, mechanical forces were proposed to drive embryogenesis and bone structure. [1][2][3] The importance of mechanical forces for biological regulation was recognized in the field of developmental biology at the beginning of the twentieth century. [1][2][3] However, there were no experimental tools available to directly test

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Organoids of the female reproductive tract

Cited by 56 publications

References 241 publications

Towards organoid culture without Matrigel

Towards organoid culture without Matrigel

Modelling Chlamydia and HPV co-infection in patient-derived ectocervix organoids reveals distinct cellular reprogramming

Mechanobiology of the female reproductive system

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