Organoid technology for tissue engineering

Abstract

For centuries, the attempts have been continuously made to artificially reconstitute counterparts of the in vivo organs from their tissues or cells. Only in the recent decade has organoid technology as a whole technological field systematically emerged and been shown to play important roles in tissue engineering. Based on their self-organizing capacities, stem cells of versatile organs, both harvested and induced, can form 3D structures that are structurally and functionally similar to their in vivo counterparts. These organoid models provide a powerful platform for elucidating the development mechanisms, modeling diseases, and screening drug candidates. In this review, we will summarize the advances of this technology for generating various organoids of tissues from the three germ layers and discuss their drawbacks and prospects for tissue engineering.

Advances in targeted therapy mainly based on signal pathways for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…PDO models are promising substitutes for patients, which can simulate the treatment response from the aspects of pathology, gene, cell and tumor microenvironment. 285 Organoids can also be used as the model of NPC stem cells. The increased expression of tumor stem cell markers in organoids can be considered as the concentration and enrichment of tumor stem cells so that organoids behave similarly to patients on tumor recurrence and treatment resistance.…”

Role of biomaterials in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and study of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

“…Organoids are clusters of organ-specific cells, such as those of the stomach, liver, intestine, and bladder [75]. They are derived from progenitor cells or stem cells, and they exhibit represented organ properties [75].…”

“…Organoids are clusters of organ-specific cells, such as those of the stomach, liver, intestine, and bladder [75]. They are derived from progenitor cells or stem cells, and they exhibit represented organ properties [75]. Cell self-organization techniques or 3D organoid cultures are effective models to investigate viral infection as well as possible interaction between host and pathogenic agents [76,77].…”

SARS-CoV-2 and tissue damage: current insights and biomaterial-based therapeutic strategies

“…95,96 Recently, 3D self-organized tissues structures (organoids) that mimic the structural, chemical and physiological characteristics of organs are being developed in vitro as a promising approach for tissue regeneration. 97 These organoids are obtained from various cells like embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and adult stem cells. To develop the organoids, the cells are seeded on biomaterials.…”