Organohalogens of natural or unknown origin in surface water and precipitation

Grimvall, Anders; Laniewski, Krzysztof; Borén, Hans; Jonsson, Susanne; Kaugare, S.

doi:10.1080/02772249409358111

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This increased TOC level results from high levels of humic acids. Adsorbed organic halogen compounds (AOX) generally pertain mainly to industrial chemicals but may represent natural sources (Grimvall et al 1994). Concentrations were stable (classes II and III), representing background conditions for this area.…”

Section: Physicochemical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking biological and physicochemical water quality

Bernatowicz

Weiß

Matschullat

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To define water quality, the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) demands complex assessments through physicochemical, biological, and hydromorphological controls of water bodies. Since the biological assessment became the central focus with hydrochemistry playing a supporting role, an evaluation of the interrelationships within this approach deems necessary. This work identified and tested these relationships to help improve the quality and efficiency of related efforts. Data from the 384 km(2) Weisseritz catchment (eastern Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany and northern Bohemia, Czech Republic) were used as a representative example for central European streams in mountainous areas. The data cover the time frame 1992 to 2003. To implement WFD demands, the analysis was based on accepted German methods and classifications, WFD quality standards, and novel German methods for the biological status assessment. Selected chemical parameters were compared with different versions of the German Saprobic Index, based on macroinvertebrate indicator taxa. Relevant dependencies applicable for integrated stream assessment were statistically tested. Correlation analysis showed significant relationships. The highest scores were found for nutrients (NO(2)(-), N(inorg), and total N), salinity (Cl(-), SO(4)(2-), conductivity), and microelements (K(+), Na(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+)). The Saprobic Index used in the Integrated Assessment System for the Ecological Quality of Streams and Rivers throughout Europe using Benthic Macro-invertebrates program seems to be the most sensitive indicator to correlate with chemical parameters.

show abstract

Section: Physicochemical Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking biological and physicochemical water quality

Bernatowicz

Weiß

Matschullat

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the characterisation of products formed during the chlorination of humic materials [72,76,[96][97], chlorination studies were carried out with resorcinol which has been chosen as a model compound for humic acids [67]. By using isotopic labelling the reaction pathway from the educt resorcinol to the products trichloromethane and trichloroacetic acid could be established.…”

Section: High Molecular Polymeric Organohalogens (Halogenated Humus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Formation of Organohalogens During Early Diagenetic Processes

Schöler¹,

Keppler²

2003

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To date more than 3650 organohalogen compounds are known to be naturally produced by biogeochemical processes. The current understanding of the abiotic formation of organohalogens during early diagenetic processes in soils and sediments are reviewed here. Next to volatile alkyl halides and polar organohalogens such as haloacetates there is evidence that even semivolatile organohalogens (e.g. polychlorinated dibenzodioxins) and halogenated humic substances are naturally formed by geochemical processes.

show abstract

“…Alternatively, chlorination processes in the wastewater [19] might have led to the AOX load of the river. Alternatively, chlorination processes in the wastewater [19] might have led to the AOX load of the river.…”

Section: Adsorption Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, chlorination processes in the wastewater [19] might have led to the AOX load of the river. Grimvall et al [19] tested an XAD-8 resin and a weakly anionic exchange resin for the fractionation of the AOX in pre-concentrated rain water. Almost one quarter (22%) of the AOX substances was hydrophobic.…”

Section: Adsorption Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The common approach to the analysis of chlorinated compounds is the detection and quantification of individual substances as well as the determination of so-called group parameters such as EOX (extractable organic halogens), POX (purgeable organic halogens), or AOX (adsorbable organic bound halogens). Even with this progress in the identification of AOX substances, the identity of a major fraction of the AOX is still unknown [18,19]. Especially the AOX, starting in Germany in the early 1980s, has become an important environmental parameter [8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation