Organochlorine pesticides, oxidative stress biomarkers, and leukemia: a case–control study

Abstract

Exposure to pesticides has been linked to an elevated risk of leukemia. The present research aimed to evaluate the relationship between organochlorine (OC) pesticides and biomarkers of oxidative stress in leukemia patients. This work was conducted on 109 patients with leukemia and 109 healthy controls. The serum concentrations of seven derivatives of OCs including alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH, 2,4-DDT, 4,4-DDT, 2,4-DDE, and 4,4-DDE along with acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), and catalase (CAT) activities as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), protein carbonyl (PC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in all the subjects. Levels of OCs were remarkably higher in leukemia patients compared to the controls (p < 0.05). In addition, levels of SOD, AChE, GPx, PON-1, and TAC were remarkably lower in leukemia patients compared to controls (p < 0.05). In contrast, MDA, NO, and PC concentrations were higher in leukemia patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). Moreover, the serum level of 4,4-DDE was negatively associated with GPx activity (p = 0.038). Our findings suggest that OCs may play a role in the development of leukemia by disrupting the oxidant/antioxidant balance.

Effects of replacing Na selenite in laying hen feed with selenized glucose on production performance, egg quality, egg selenium content, microbial population, immunological response, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid composition

“…To terminate the reaction, 2.5 mL of the DDA reagent (potassium dichromate solution 5% and glacial acetic acid) was added (at a ratio of 1:3 v/v). Finally, the absorbance of the reaction mixture was measured at 570 nm ( Rafeeinia et al, 2022 ).…”

The effect of replacing sodium selenite with selenium-chitosan in laying hens on production performance, egg quality, egg selenium concentration, microbial population, immunological response, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid composition

“…After that, the reaction was terminated by adding 2.5 mL of the DDA reagent (potassium dichromate solution 5% with glacial acetic acid) (1:3 v/v). Finally, the absorbance of the reaction mixture was evaluated at 570 nm ( Rafeeinia et al, 2022 ).…”

Oxidative stress is two‐sided in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia

“… 32 According to studies, MDA and HNE were higher in the leukemia cohort compared with the normal cohort. 33 , 34 Research has shown that HNE reduces oxidative damage in tumor by reducing ROS production through activation of uncoupling Protein (UCP). 35 In addition, excessive formation of HNE can affect mitochondrial function and eventually lead to cell death.…”

“…ROS‐mediated oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) causes lipid peroxidation, the main products of which are malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal (HNE) 32 . According to studies, MDA and HNE were higher in the leukemia cohort compared with the normal cohort 33,34 . Research has shown that HNE reduces oxidative damage in tumor by reducing ROS production through activation of uncoupling Protein (UCP) 35 .…”