“…Such derivatives, introduced by the groups of Connon and Soós (Figure 15), were first applied in enantioselective addition of malonates to nitroalkenes [216] and nitroalkanes to chalcones [217]. Later on, these bifunctional organocatalysts were found efficient in a variety of asymmetric transformations, including Michael and combined Michael-Henry reaction , sulfa-Michael and retro-sulfa-Michael reaction [239,240], aldol reaction [241], Mannich reaction [242], Strecker reaction [243,244], hydrophosphonylation [245,246], decarboxylative protonation [247], fluorination of ketoesters [248], arylation of cyclic ketoamides with quinone monoamine [249] Thiourea was also introduced in place of methoxy group of quinine by Hiemstra and co-workers (Figure 16), and the resulting catalysts used in enantioselective Henry reaction [250], though they were less efficient in other asymmetric transformations [221,[243][244][245]. Bis-alkaloid thioureas were prepared by Song and co-workers and were shown to exhibit high enantioselectivity in a dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic azlactone derived from valine (Figure 16) [251].…”