Organizing activity of wingless protein in Drosophila

Struhl, Gary; Basler, Konrad

doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90072-x

Cited by 810 publications

(573 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Alongside our experiments investigating dEgfr signaling, we tested the proposed model that sSpi from cone cells and primary pigment cells could block apoptosis in lattice cells. We investigated which cells can influence lattice cell death through Spi secretion using the 'FLP-out' technique 25,26 to ectopically express sSpi or mSpi (the full-length molecule) in random cells of the pupal retina. Expression of mSpi from single cells in the retina had no effect on retinal patterning (data not shown), consistent with other experiments in which mSpi expressed in the eye was inactive owing to lack of processing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the death zone: a spatially restricted region for programmed cell death that sculpts the fly eye

Monserrate

Brachmann

2006

Cell Death Differ

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Programmed cell death (PCD) sculpts many developing tissues. The final patterning step of the Drosophila retina is the elimination, through PCD, of a subset of interommatidial lattice cells during pupation. It is not understood how this process is spatially regulated to ensure that cells die in the proper positions. To address this, we observed PCD of lattice cells in the pupal retina in real time. This live-visualization method demonstrates that lattice cell apoptosis is a highly specific process. In all, 85% of lattice cells die in exclusive 'death zone' positions between adjacent ommatidia. In contrast, cells that make specific contacts with primary pigment cells are protected from death. Two signaling pathways, Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor (dEgfr) and Notch, that are thought to be central to the regulation of lattice cell survival and death, are not sufficient to establish the death zone. Thus, application of live visualization to the fly eye gives new insight into a dynamic developmental process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the death zone: a spatially restricted region for programmed cell death that sculpts the fly eye

Monserrate

Brachmann

2006

Cell Death Differ

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“…To investigate this, we performed lineage-tracing analyses in w; En-gal4/uas-GFP; uas-flp/Act5Cfrt-stop-frt-LacZ flies. In these flies, GFP is expressed in cells with posterior identity (En positive) and gal4 activated flippase mediates excision of a stop cassette leading to constitutive and autonomous LacZ expression (36). Any cell, regardless of current identity, derived from an Enexpressing cell, will express LacZ.…”

Section: Sex-specific Regulation Of the Morphogen Wingless Is Correlatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexually dimorphic regulation of the Wingless morphogen controls sex-specific segment number in Drosophila

Wang

Kidd

Carroll

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Sexual dimorphism is widespread throughout the metazoa and plays important roles in mate recognition and preference, sexbased niche partitioning, and sex-specific coadaptation. One notable example of sex-specific differences in insect body morphology is presented by the higher diptera, such as Drosophila, in which males develop fewer abdominal segments than females. Because diversity in segment number is a distinguishing feature of major arthropod clades, it is of fundamental interest to understand how different numbers of segments can be generated within the same species. Here we show that sex-specific and segment-specific regulation of the Wingless (Wg) morphogen underlies the development of sexually dimorphic adult segment number in Drosophila. Wg expression is repressed in the developing terminal male abdominal segment by the combination of the Hox protein Abdominal-B (Abd-B) and the sex-determination regulator Doublesex (Dsx). The subsequent loss of the terminal male abdominal segment during pupation occurs through a combination of developmental processes including segment compartmental transformation, apoptosis, and suppression of cell proliferation. Furthermore, we show that ectopic expression of Wg is sufficient to rescue this loss. We propose that dimorphic Wg regulation, in concert with monomorphic segment-specific programmed cell death, are the principal mechanisms of sculpting the sexually dimorphic abdomen of Drosophila.morphogenesis | segmentation | homeotic | epithelia B rachycera, higher diptera that include drosophilidae, exhibit an evolutionary trend toward reduced abdominal size that contributes to swift, maneuverable flight (1). Such reduction is especially pronounced within the infraorder Muscomorpha. Within this group of flies, abdominal reduction is sexually dimorphic such that adult males have fewer segments than females. Lower diptera, which includes mosquitoes and midges, retain ancestral morphology with respect to segment number; both adult males and females generate eight abdominal segments. In Muscomorpha the most posterior adult abdominal segments (all or a subset of segments A5-A8) are modified in females, usually as a telescoping ovipositor, whereas corresponding segments are absent in males (2). In all diptera, segment number is monomorphic during embryogenesis and larval development, reflecting the basal insect body plan of three head, three thoracic, and 11 abdominal segments. For most diptera, only embryonic abdominal segments 1-8 generate adult abdominal tissue (only segments 1-7 in the drosophilidae). The more posterior embryonic segments contribute to the adult genitalia. During pupation, sex-specific developmental programs are deployed that sculpt sexually dimorphic segment morphology and number.The posterior abdomen of Drosophila melanogaster serves as an excellent model to study the development of these sex-specific morphologies. Posterior abdominal segment identity, morphology, and number in both sexes is regulated by the Hox protein Abdominal-B (Abd-B) (3, 4). Abd-B ex...

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“…Ectopic expression clones were generated randomly in imaginal discs by heat shocking L1-L2 larvae (24 -72 hr after egg laying [AEL]) for 30 min at 35.5°C of the genotypes: yw hsFlp122; tubϾ GFP, yϩϾ GAL4 (Zecca and Struhl, 2002); UAS-tsh/ SM6 TM6B for tsh-expressing clones; and y hsFlp122, actϾ hsCD2Ͼ GAL4 (Struhl and Basler, 1993); UAS-tio for tio-expressing clones. In some experiments, gene expression reporters were introduced in the genotype by standard genetic methods.…”

Section: Genotypes and Genetic Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc‐finger paralogues tsh and tio are functionally equivalent during imaginal development in Drosophila and maintain their expression levels through auto‐ and cross‐negative feedback loops

Bessa

Carmona

Casares

2008

Developmental Dynamics

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teashirt (tsh) and tiptop (tio) are two Drosophila gene paralogues encoding zinc-finger transcription factors. While tsh is an important developmental regulator, tio null individuals are viable and fertile. Here, we show that tio and tsh have coincident expression domains in the imaginal discs, the precursors of the adult body, and that both genes show similar functional properties when expressed ectopically. Furthermore, tio is able to rescue the development of tsh mutants, indicating that both genes are functionally equivalent during imaginal development. Of interest, the transcriptional regulation of tio and tsh is linked by a negative feedback loop. This mechanism might be required to maintain a tight control on the total levels of tio/tsh and could help explaining why Drosophila keeps an apparently dispensable gene.

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Organizing activity of wingless protein in Drosophila

Cited by 810 publications

References 82 publications

Identification of the death zone: a spatially restricted region for programmed cell death that sculpts the fly eye

Identification of the death zone: a spatially restricted region for programmed cell death that sculpts the fly eye

Sexually dimorphic regulation of the Wingless morphogen controls sex-specific segment number in Drosophila

Zinc‐finger paralogues tsh and tio are functionally equivalent during imaginal development in Drosophila and maintain their expression levels through auto‐ and cross‐negative feedback loops

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