Organized Chaos: Deciphering Immune Cell Heterogeneity’s Role in Inflammation in the Heart

Corker, Alexa; Neff, Lily S.; Broughton, Philip; Bradshaw, Amy D.; DeLeon‐Pennell, Kristine Y.

doi:10.3390/biom12010011

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…It determines the severity of MI and the subsequent ventricular remodeling. The immune cells mediated in the sterile inflammatory responses play dual roles in injury and protection during cardiac hypoxia and repair [ 46 , 47 ]. It is critical to keep the balance of the pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways during the course of MI to reduce inflammation-caused heart tissue injury and promote the repair and remodeling of cardiovascular structure [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms ameliorate myocardial infarction by inducing M2 macrophage polarization in a mouse model

Wu,

Yin,

Wen

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Ischemia-induced inflammatory response is the main pathological mechanism of myocardial infarction (MI)-caused heart tissue injury. It has been known that helminths and worm-derived proteins are capable of modulating host immune response to suppress excessive inflammation as a survival strategy. Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms (Ts-AES) have been shown to ameliorate inflammation-related diseases. In this study, Ts-AES were used to treat mice with MI to determine its therapeutic effect on reducing MI-induced heart inflammation and the immunological mechanism involved in the treatment. Methods The MI model was established by the ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by the treatment of Ts-AES by intraperitoneal injection. The therapeutic effect of Ts-AES on MI was evaluated by measuring the heart/body weight ratio, cardiac systolic and diastolic functions, histopathological change in affected heart tissue and observing the 28-day survival rate. The effect of Ts-AES on mouse macrophage polarization was determined by stimulating mouse bone marrow macrophages in vitro with Ts-AES, and the macrophage phenotype was determined by flow cytometry. The protective effect of Ts-AES-regulated macrophage polarization on hypoxic cardiomyocytes was determined by in vitro co-culturing Ts-AES-induced mouse bone marrow macrophages with hypoxic cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocyte apoptosis determined by flow cytometry. Results We observed that treatment with Ts-AES significantly improved cardiac function and ventricular remodeling, reduced pathological damage and mortality in mice with MI, associated with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, increased regulatory cytokine expression and promoted macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 type in MI mice. Ts-AES-induced M2 macrophage polarization also reduced apoptosis of hypoxic cardiomyocytes in vitro. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Ts-AES ameliorates MI in mice by promoting the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 type. Ts-AES is a potential pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of MI and other inflammation-related diseases. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms ameliorate myocardial infarction by inducing M2 macrophage polarization in a mouse model

Wu,

Yin,

Wen

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Of note, the role of resident and recruited macrophages in the heart in homeostasis and under disease conditions, and immune cell heterogeneity in general, are still the subject of ongoing research. 66 …”

Section: Which Models Are Useful To Study Cs ?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological Gaps, Diagnostic Challenges, and Uncertainties in Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Ueberham

Hagendorff

Klingel

et al. 2023

JAHA

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Cardiac sarcoidosis can mimic any cardiomyopathy in different stages. Noncaseating granulomatous inflammation can be missed, because of the nonhomogeneous distribution in the heart. The current diagnostic criteria show discrepancies and are partly nonspecific and insensitive. Besides the diagnostic pitfalls, there are controversies in the understanding of the causes, genetic and environmental background, and the natural evolution of the disease. Here, we review the current pathophysiological aspects and gaps that are relevant for future cardiac sarcoidosis diagnostics and research.

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“…This immune cell population adapts to its environment, where it can be maintained into adulthood even without replenishment from the bone marrow [15,16]. Known as the sentinels of danger and injury, resident immune cells are among the first responders to tissue wounding or damage [19][20][21], and have been linked to the activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses [22]. Indeed, like other tissues, the lens becomes populated by resident immune cells during its development [5,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Responses Induced at One Hour Post Cataract Surgery Wounding of the Chick Lens

DeDreu,

Basta,

Walker

et al. 2023

Biomolecules

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While the lens is an avascular tissue with an immune-privileged status, studies have now revealed that there are immune responses specifically linked to the lens. The response to lens injury, such as following cataract surgery, has been shown to involve the activation of the resident immune cell population of the lens and the induction of immunomodulatory factors by the wounded epithelium. However, there has been limited investigation into the immediate response of the lens to wounding, particularly those induced factors that are intrinsic to the lens and its associated resident immune cells. Using an established chick embryo ex vivo cataract surgery model has made it possible to determine the early immune responses of this tissue to injury, including its resident immune cells, through a transcriptome analysis. RNA-seq studies were performed to determine the gene expression profile at 1 h post wounding compared to time 0. The results provided evidence that, as occurs in other tissues, the resident immune cells of the lens rapidly acquired a molecular signature consistent with their activation. These studies also identified the expression of many inflammatory factors by the injured lens that are associated with both the induction and regulation of the immune response.

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Organized Chaos: Deciphering Immune Cell Heterogeneity’s Role in Inflammation in the Heart

Cited by 13 publications

References 131 publications

Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms ameliorate myocardial infarction by inducing M2 macrophage polarization in a mouse model

Excretory/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms ameliorate myocardial infarction by inducing M2 macrophage polarization in a mouse model

Pathophysiological Gaps, Diagnostic Challenges, and Uncertainties in Cardiac Sarcoidosis

Immune Responses Induced at One Hour Post Cataract Surgery Wounding of the Chick Lens

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