“…Effective communication skills are crucial for school principals in managing and motivating teachers, improving teacher performance and enhancing the overall quality of education (Herdiana, Yusrizal, & Khairuddin, 2021;Mesiono, Hutagaol, Ismiatun, Saragih, & Nazri, 2023;Nisa, Kharisma, Fatmawati, & Fadillah, 2023;Suherman & Suhardan, 2019). Principals play a vital role in conveying expectations, providing directions, distributing information, giving feedback and fostering a positive learning environment (Gordon-Phan, 2019).…”