Organization of the gene encoding transcriptional repressor δEF1 and cross-species conservation of its domains

Sekido, Ryohei; Takagi, Tsuyoshi; Okanami, Masahiro; Moribe, Hiroki; Yamamura, Manabu; Higashi, Youichirou; Kondoh, Hisato

doi:10.1016/0378-1119(96)00185-0

Cited by 53 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The major bands migrated to the position expected from the size of the deletions [dEF1 migrates at an apparent size of 170 kDa, although the calculated size is 124 kDa (Funahashi et al 1993)]. We have not determined the nuclear localization signal of dEF1, but likely candidates are the amino acid sequence close to the N-terminus (PRCKRRKQANPRR) and that which precedes the C-proximal zinc fingers (PPKKKMRK); both are conserved among vertebrate dEF1 homologues (Sekido et al 1996) and conform to the characteristics of the nuclear localization signals. These sequences are retained in the deletion mutant forms we analysed.…”

Section: Domains Of Def1 Required For Repressionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The central region of dEF1 between the zinc finger clusters was dispensable for repression of this fragment, and the homeodomain by itself did not show a DNA binding activity. However, the dEF1 amino acid sequence is highly conserved among vertebrate species throughout its length (Genetta & Kadesch 1996;Sekido et al 1996), suggesting the functional significance of the central region in other contexts. Postigo & Dean (1997) reported that the region between N-fin and the homeodomain has a repressing activity, probably defining the second repression domain.…”

Section: Other Functional Domains Of Def1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A partial sequence of the human homologue was first cloned with the name of Nil-2-a by Williams et al (1991), the full sequence with the name of AREB6 by Watanabe et al (1993), and a variant sequence with the name of ZEB by Genetta et al (1994). The hamster homologue was cloned as BZP (Franklin et al 1994), the mouse homologue as dEF1 (Sekido et al 1996)/ MEB1 (Genetta & Kadesch 1996) and the rat homologue as Zfhep (Cabanillas & Darling 1996). An analysis of its genomic sequence indicated that rodent homologues lack the exon 3 sequence which is present in other vertebrate species (Sekido et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two mechanisms in the action of repressor δEF1: binding site competition with an activator and active repression

et al. 1997

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Background: Counteraction between activators and repressors is crucial for the regulation of a number of cell-specific enhancers, where an activator and a repressor are mutually competitive in binding to the same site. dEF1 is a repressor protein of d1-crystallin minimal enhancer DC5 binding at the CACCT site, and inhibits activator dEF3 from binding to the overlapped site. It has two zinc finger clusters N-fin and C-fin, close to N-and C-termini, respectively, and a homeodomain in the middle. dEF1 also binds to the E2-box sequence CACCTG, and represses E2-box-dependent enhancers.

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Section: Domains Of Def1 Required For Repressionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Other Functional Domains Of Def1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two mechanisms in the action of repressor δEF1: binding site competition with an activator and active repression

et al. 1997

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“…Among the other DNA-binding Smad partners that have received attention are Zeb2 (also known as Sip1) and Zeb1 (also known as ␦EF1; Sekido et al, 1996;Verschueren et al, 1999). These closely related zinc finger proteins appear to form an inhibitor/activator pair and are orthologs of Drosophila zfh1 (Postigo, 2003;Postigo et al, 2003).…”

Section: Transcription Factor Partners For Smads In the Regulation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding partners: How BMPs select their targets

Blitz

Cho

2009

Developmental Dynamics

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The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is a conserved and evolutionarily ancient regulatory module affecting a large variety of cellular behaviors. The evolutionary flexibility in using BMP responses presumably arose by co-option of a canonical BMP signaling cascade to regulate the transcription of diverse batteries of target genes. This begs the question of how seemingly interchangeable BMP signaling components elicit widely different outputs in different cell types, an important issue in the context of understanding how BMP signaling integrates with gene regulatory networks to control development. Because a molecular understanding of how BMP signaling activates different batteries of target genes is an essential prerequisite to comprehending the roles of BMPs in regulating cellular responses, here we review the current knowledge of how BMP-regulated target genes are selected by the signal transduction machinery. We highlight recent studies suggesting the evolutionary conservation of BMP target gene regulation signaling by Schnurri family zinc finger proteins.

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“…In this study, two related Zfhx1 transcription factors in mouse encoded by Zfhx1a (␦EF1) (Funahashi et al, 1993) and Zfhx1b (Sip1) (Verschuren et al, 1999;Zeb2, Postigo and Dean, 2000) genes (the Zfhx1 gene family) were investigated. Zfhx1 genes, named after Drosophila Zfh1 (Fortini et al, 1991), are conserved among animal species from nematode to higher vertebrates (Genetta and Kadesch, 1996;Sekido et al, 1996;Wakamatsu et al, 2001;Papin et al, 2002, Wacker et al, 2003Nitta et al, 2004), indicating an evolutionarily conserved important regulatory function. Protein factors in this family are characterized by the possession of a pair of similar zinc finger clusters near the N-and C-termini, and a homeodomain in the middle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary expression pattern of Zfhx1 genes Sip1 and δEF1 in the mouse embryo and their genetic interaction revealed by compound mutants

Miyoshi

Maruhashi

Putte

et al. 2006

Developmental Dynamics

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In mouse embryos, the Zfhx1 transcription factor genes, Sip1 and ␦EF1, are expressed in complementary domains in many tissues. Their possible synergism in embryogenesis was investigated by comparing the phenotype of Sip1؊/؊;␦EF1؊/؊ double homozygotes with single homozygous embryos. Unexpectedly, in Sip1؊/؊ embryos ␦EF1 was ectopically activated, suggesting a negative regulation of ␦EF1 expression by Sip1. Sip1؊/؊;␦EF1؊/؊ embryos were similar to Sip1؊/؊ embryos in short somite production and developmental arrest around E8.5, but showed more severe defects in dorsal neural tube morphogenesis accompanied by a larger reduction of Sox2 expression, ascribable to the loss of the ectopic ␦EF1 expression. Sip1؉/؊;␦EF1؊/؊ embryos develop various morphological defects after E10 that were absent in ␦EF1؊/؊ embryos even in tissues without significant overlap of Sip1 and ␦EF1 expression, and arrested during mid gestation earlier than ␦EF1؊/؊ embryos. These findings indicate that complex synergistic interactions occur between Zfhx1 transcription factor genes during mouse embryogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 235: 1941-1952, 2006.

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Organization of the gene encoding transcriptional repressor δEF1 and cross-species conservation of its domains

Cited by 53 publications

References 18 publications

Two mechanisms in the action of repressor δEF1: binding site competition with an activator and active repression

Two mechanisms in the action of repressor δEF1: binding site competition with an activator and active repression

Finding partners: How BMPs select their targets

Complementary expression pattern of Zfhx1 genes Sip1 and δEF1 in the mouse embryo and their genetic interaction revealed by compound mutants

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