Organization of Preventive Vaccination against Dysentery under Conditions of Critical Emergencies Caused by Flood (Using the Example of Khabarovsk Territory)

Abstract

Aim: epidemiological zoning of the territory of Khabarovsk region that was conducted in accordance with levels of potential epidemic risk regarding dysentery in order to specify the priority of vaccination measures and non-specific prophylaxis of the reported infection under conditions of liquidation of flood aftermath. Materials and methods. Epidemiological zoning of the territory of Khabarovsk region was conducted by ranging based on the sigmal deviation method of long-term annual average dysentery incidence rates. Efficiency evaluation of specific and non-specific prophylactic measures were conducted by comparison of dysentery incidence rates in 2013 with long-term annual average rates. Results and discussion. In the study, calculated sigmal intervals were used as criteria to classify administrative entities of Khabarovsk region as one of the groups ranged by the levels of tension of epidemiological situation in the territory: satisfactory, relatively tense, significantly tense, and critical. Two last groups of Khabarovsk region territories most of which are geographically associated with basin of the Amur River were classified as territories that are under risk of complication of the epidemiological situation on dysentery during the period of large-scale flood. Conducted analysis was used as the basis to provide emergency measures on preventive vaccination against dysentery and coverage with phage therapy of the population aggravated by flood of 2013. Conclusion. Through the example of Khabarovsk region, it was shown significance of detection of risk territories in order to substantiate specific prophylaxis of dysentery that is performed under epidemic indications. Significant decrease of dysentery incidence rates due to introduction of vaccination among inhabitants of most territories of Khabarovsk region covered by flood, it proves to be epidemiologically effective in the period of emergency situations.