Organization of Cognitive Control Within the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia

Barbalat, Guillaume; Chambon, Valérian; Franck, Nicolás; Koechlin, Etienne; Farrer, Chlöé

doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.10

Cited by 68 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…It is possible that both patients and siblings can indeed employ the reappraisal strategy in a laboratory setting, which is likely to be more structured and less complex than situations encountered in daily life. Barbalat et al [54] demonstrated that an increase of complex contextual information was related to reduced task performance in patients with schizophrenia. Interestingly, an increase of complex contextual information was associated with hypoactivation in the left VLPFC in patients compared to HC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation in Patients with Schizophrenia and Non-Affected Siblings

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPatients with schizophrenia often experience problems regulating their emotions. Non-affected relatives show similar difficulties, although to a lesser extent, and the neural basis of such difficulties remains to be elucidated. In the current paper we investigated whether schizophrenia patients, non-affected siblings and healthy controls (HC) exhibit differences in brain activation during emotion regulation.MethodsAll subjects (n = 20 per group) performed an emotion regulation task while they were in an fMRI scanner. The task contained two experimental conditions for the down-regulation of emotions (reappraise and suppress), in which IAPS pictures were used to generate a negative affect. We also assessed whether the groups differed in emotion regulation strategies used in daily life by means of the emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ).ResultsThough the overall negative affect was higher for patients as well as for siblings compared to HC for all conditions, all groups reported decreased negative affect after both regulation conditions. Nonetheless, neuroimaging results showed hypoactivation relative to HC in VLPFC, insula, middle temporal gyrus, caudate and thalamus for patients when reappraising negative pictures. In siblings, the same pattern was evident as in patients, but only in cortical areas.ConclusionsGiven that all groups performed similarly on the emotion regulation task, but differed in overall negative affect ratings and brain activation, our findings suggest reduced levels of emotion regulation processing in neural circuits in patients with schizophrenia. Notably, this also holds for siblings, albeit to a lesser extent, indicating that it may be part and parcel of a vulnerability for psychosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation in Patients with Schizophrenia and Non-Affected Siblings

et al. 2014

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“…This result showing PFC dysfunction in medication-free patients with schizophrenia extends numerous previous neuroimaging studies on working memory and executive functions in this patient group (2, 5–8, 12–14, 19). The failure to activate the frontopolar cortex in patients may reflect an impairment in retrieving information from working memory or inappropriate use of strategies involving switching processes since this brain region is frequently implicated in working memory (25), memory retrieval (26) and when combining working memory with task switching processes (27, 28). As noted previously, while the majority of neuroimaging studies of working memory in schizophrenia, particularly those using PET, have reported reduced DLPFC activity compared to healthy young controls (2,5,6,29), there are also a number of reports of hyperfrontality (8,9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common and Differential Pathophysiological Features Accompany Comparable Cognitive Impairments in Medication-Free Patients with Schizophrenia and in Healthy Aging Subjects

Dreher

Koch

Kohn

et al. 2012

Biological Psychiatry

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Background Dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and parahippocampal region along with poor working memory are common neurophysiological and behavioral features associated with schizophrenia and normal aging. It is, however, unknown whether the associated patterns of neural activation differ between these two groups when their cognitive performance is closely matched in a pairwise manner. The authors sought to pinpoint common and differential pathophysiological features that accompany comparable working memory impairments in schizophrenia and healthy aging. Methods Fifty-three subjects were scanned using H215O PET regional cerebral blood flow measurements during working memory. Seventeen medication-free patients with schizophrenia were individually matched for working memory performance with seventeen healthy aging subjects. Brain activation of the two index groups were compared to each other and to nineteen young healthy individuals. Results Patients with schizophrenia showed right DLPFC hypoactivation, both when compared to age-matched controls, and after direct comparison with working memory performance-matched elderly subjects. Moreover, both groups with working memory deficits shared an inability to suppress parahippocampal and anterior medial prefrontal cortex activation. Conclusions These results provide new insights into the mechanisms by which impaired working memory performance can arise by showing that both common (parahippocampal/anterior medial PFC) and differential (DLPFC) pathophysiological features accompany similar cognitive impairments. The aging data also demonstrate that poor performance is not necessarily accompanied by the DLPFC hypofunction that was seen in schizophrenia. Finally, these results more closely link the DLPFC functional abnormalities in schizophrenia to the pathophysiology of the disorder, rather than to poor performance per se.

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“…Forde, Rusted, Mennie, Land, and Humphreys (2010) showed that a patient with disorganisation syndrome (resulting from a bilateral damage of the superior and middle frontal and temporal gyri) looked at more task-irrelevant objects than controls did during the task of making a cup of tea. Alterations in executive function (Nieoullon, 2002;Rajji, Ismail, & Mulsant, 2009;Rajji & Mulsant, 2008;Zayat, Rempfer, Gajewski, & Brown, 2011) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex function are considered to be central in schizophrenia (Arnone et al, 2009;Barbalat, Chambon, Franck, Koechlin, & Farrer, 2009;van den Heuvel, Mandl, Stam, Kahn, & Hulshoff Pol, 2010;Weinberger & Berman, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between visual object exploration and action processing in schizophrenia

Delerue

Boucart

2012

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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Organization of Cognitive Control Within the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia

Cited by 68 publications

References 68 publications

Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation in Patients with Schizophrenia and Non-Affected Siblings

Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation in Patients with Schizophrenia and Non-Affected Siblings

Common and Differential Pathophysiological Features Accompany Comparable Cognitive Impairments in Medication-Free Patients with Schizophrenia and in Healthy Aging Subjects

The relationship between visual object exploration and action processing in schizophrenia

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