Organismes filamenteux de l’ambre du Santonien de Belcodène (Bouches-du-Rhône, France)

Martin, Simona Saint; Martin, Jean‐Paul Saint; Girard, Vincent; Néraudeau, Didier

doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2013.03.001

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…New Caledonian Araucaria humboldtensis exudes resin from beetle‐infested branches, with particular drop‐like morphologies (Fig. C, D; Beimforde et al, ), reminiscent of the Dolomites amber drops with arthropods entrapped (Schmidt et al, ) and those in French amber (Saint Martin et al, ; Néraudeau et al, ). The actual quantities observed are relatively small in terms of ‘geologically significant’ resin volumes, and are due to the low density of the Araucaria humboldtensis trees on Mont Humboldt.…”

Section: Reasons For Resin Production Supported By the Fossil Record mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and preservation of resins – past and present

et al. 2018

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Amber is fossilised plant resin. It can be used to provide insights into the terrestrial conditions at the time the original resin was exuded. Amber research thus can inform many aspects of palaeontology, from the recovery and description of enclosed fossil organisms (biological inclusions) to attempts at reconstruction of past climates and environments. Here we focus on the resin itself, the conditions under which it may have been exuded, and its potential path to fossilisation, rather than on enclosed fossils. It is noteworthy that not all plants produce resin, and that not all resins can (nor do) become amber. Given the recent upsurge in the number of amber deposits described, it is time to re-examine ambers from a botanical perspective. Here we summarise the state of knowledge about resin production in modern ecosystems, and review the biological and ecological aspects of resin production in plants. We also present new observations on conifer-derived resin exudation, with a particular focus on araucarian conifer trees. We suggest that besides disease, insect attacks and traumatic wounding from fires and storms, other factors such as tree architecture and local soil conditions are significant in creating and preserving resin outpourings. We also examine the transformation of resin into amber (maturation), focusing on geological aspects of amber deposit formation and preservation. We present new evidence that expands previous understanding of amber deposit formation. Specific geological conditions such as anoxic burial are essential in the creation of amber from resin deposits. We show that in the past, the production of large amounts of resin could have been linked to global climate changes and environmental disruption. We then highlight where the gaps in our knowledge still remain and potential future research directions.

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Section: Reasons For Resin Production Supported By the Fossil Record mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and preservation of resins – past and present

et al. 2018

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“…Large areas of the surface of the exudate can be colonized, either by a network of filaments parallel to the surface, or growing centripetally (filamentous bacteria and fungi) or by a turf of clumps with a centripetal growth (some actinomycetes) (Breton, 2011(Breton, , 2012. The early colonization of fossil resin exudates by such filamentous micro-organisms has also been described, for instance in Cretaceous or Eocene amber (Girard et al, 2009a,d;Breton, 2010Breton, , 2011Girard, 2010;Saint Martin et al, 2012;Breton, 2012;Saint Martin et al, 2013;Breton et al, 2013). Among the taxa described herein, Melanothrix mexicana, Thermomonosporopsis chiapasensis, the actinomycete gen. A sp.…”

Section: Taphonomy Of the Micro-organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Palaeocolteronema cenomanensis has dichotomic branching, its sheath is hyaline, devoid of granulations and of a smaller diameter; it can bear hormogonias. All three taxa, as well as other unnamed sheathed filaments are to be found in French and Spanish Cretaceous ambers (Breton and Tostain, 2005;Girard, 2010;Saint Martin et al, 2012;Breton, 2012;Breton et al, 2013;Saint Martin et al, 2013).…”

Section: Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paleontologists used to pay more attention to macrofauna preserved in amber, especially insects, than to micro-organisms (see for instance Poinar, 1992Poinar, , 1994 although pollen, fungi mycelia, algal filaments, bacteria or spores have been known for a long time (Göppert and Berendt, 1845;Göppert and Menge, 1883;Galippe, 1920;Blunck, 1929). The excellent preservation of micro-organisms has allowed, more recently, descriptive and analytic studies of this type of material (Waggoner and Poinar, 1992;Poinar et al, 1993;Waggoner, 1993Waggoner, , 1994aWaggoner, , b, 1996Kohring, 1995;Waggoner, 1996, Breton et al, 1999Schmidt et al, 2004;Breton and Tostain, 2005;Schmidt and Schäfer, 2005;Schmidt, 2006;Schmidt et al, 2006;Breton, 2007;Schmidt and Dilcher, 2007;Schmidt et al, , 2008Girard, 2009;Girard et al, 2009a, b, c, d;Breton, 2010;Girard, 2010;Breton,2012;Girard, 2012;Saint Martin et al, 2012;Breton et al, 2013;Saint Martin et al, 2013). The latest studies have shown that many of these micro-organisms were resinicolous organisms that grew in resin, and soon after its production, colonized the exudate and embedded themselves within resin in a quite different way than trapped micro-organisms (pollen for instance) or macro-organisms (insects for instance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schmidt and Schäfer, 2005;Girard et al, 2009a), Upper Cretaceous (e.g. Saint Martin et al, 2012Martin et al, , 2013, and Eocene amber (e.g. Breton, 2012) and in modern resins (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Filamentous micro-organisms, inorganic inclusions and pseudo-fossils in the Miocene amber from Totolapa (Chiapas, Mexico): taphonomy and systematics

Breton¹,

Sánchez²,

Vega³

2014

BSGM

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The amber from Totolapa (Chiapas, Mexico) is thought to have been secreted by Hymenea sp. during Early to Middle Miocene time, and then reworked during Pleistocene ash flow events. Most of this amber is preserved within pyroclastic sediments. Peripheral layers of amber pieces from Totolapa yield a wealthy microflora including 1) one morpho-species of filamentous bacterium, 2) a sheathed bacterium Melanothrix mexicana gen. sp. nov., 3) five morpho-species of Actinobacteria (actinomycetes), Scopaeopsis verticillata gen. sp. nov., Thermomonosporopsis chiapasensis sp. nov., and three left in open nomenclature, and 4) diverse fungal mycelia. Melanothrix mexicana, Thermomonosporopsis chiapasensis, Actinobacteria gen. A sp. A and fungi were early colonizers of the fluid bark exudates of resin, and they grew either superficially or centripetally, as observed in modern resinicolous biota.Keywords: Amber, prokaryote, fungi, new taxon, Miocene, Mexico. Resumen

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Resin exudation and resinicolous communities on Araucaria humboldtensis in New Caledonia

Beimforde

Seyfullah

Perrichot³

et al. 2016

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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International audienceConifers of the endemic species Araucaria humboldtensis on Mont Humboldt in New Caledonia exhibit extensive resin exudation. The resin flows of these threatened trees are here shown to be induced by two beetle species, which bore into branches and branchlets, leading to abundant outpouring of resin, which gradually solidifies into often drop-shaped resin bodies. The exudate is colonized by a resinicolous and likely insect-vectored ascomycete, Resinogalea humboldtensis, which is only known from Mont Humboldt. The fungus grows into fresh resin and eventually develops ascomata on the surface of solidifying resin. The solidified resin is also colonized by another fungus, a dematiaceous hyphomycete. Based on protein coding (CO1, CAD, ArgK) and ribosomal (LSU) genes, the larger branch-boring beetle is a weevil of the tribe Araucariini, which represents the sister group of all other cossonine weevils. The smaller beetle species belongs to the longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae). The strong host specificity of the Araucariini, along with the occurrence of two unique fungi, suggests that the resin-associated community is native and has evolved on the endemic conifer host. The formation of large amber deposits indicates massive resin production in the past, but the environmental triggers of exudation in Mesozoic and Cenozoic ecosystems remain unclear. Our observations from Mont Humboldt support the notion that the occurrences of small drop-shaped amber pieces in Triassic to Miocene amber deposits were linked to ancient insect infestations

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Organismes filamenteux de l’ambre du Santonien de Belcodène (Bouches-du-Rhône, France)

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Production and preservation of resins – past and present

Production and preservation of resins – past and present

Filamentous micro-organisms, inorganic inclusions and pseudo-fossils in the Miocene amber from Totolapa (Chiapas, Mexico): taphonomy and systematics

Resin exudation and resinicolous communities on Araucaria humboldtensis in New Caledonia

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