Organic Trace Gases in the Atmosphere: An Overview

Williams, Jonathan

doi:10.1071/en04057

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 228 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A major precursor of HCHO in such regions is isoprene whose emission comprises more than 40% of the total VOC surface flux on a global scale. Its global emissions are estimated to be about 500 Tg yr −1 , a number exceeding by far the estimates for the anthropogenic sources (Williams, 2004). In addition to the hydrocarbons oxidation, HCHO also has known primary sources from direct emissions of biomass burning Holzinger et al, 1999;Yokelson et al, 1999;Andreae and Merlet, 1999), industrial processes and fuel combustion (Anderson et al, 1994;Geiger et al, 2002) and vegetation (Seco et al, 2006 and references therein).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GOME-2 observations of oxygenated VOCs: what can we learn from the ratio glyoxal to formaldehyde on a global scale?

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Collocated data sets of glyoxal (CHO.CHO) and formaldehyde (HCHO) were retrieved for the first time from measurements of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) during the first two years of operation in 2007 and 2008. Both oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds, OVOC, are key intermediate species produced during the oxidation of precursor hydrocarbons. Their short lifetime of a few hours in the lower troposphere links them to emission sources and makes them useful tracers of photochemical activity. The global composite maps of GOME-2 HCHO and CHO.CHO have strong similarities confirming their common atmospheric and/or surface sources. The highest column amounts of these OVOCs are recorded over regions with enhance biogenic emissions (e.g. tropical forests in South America, Africa and Indonesia). Enhanced OVOC values are also present over areas of anthropogenic activity and biomass burning (e.g. over China, N. America, Europe and Australia). The ratio of CHO.CHO to HCHO, R GF , has been used, for the first time on a global scale, to classify the sources according to biogenic and/or anthropogenic emissions of the precursors; R GF between 0.040 to 0.060 point to the existence of biogenic emissions with the highest values being observed at the highest Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI. R GF s below 0.040 are indicative of anthropogenic emissions and associated with high levels of NO 2 . This decreasing tendency of R GF with increasing NO 2 is also observed when analyzing data for individual large cities, indicating that it is a common feature. The results obtained for R GF from GOME-2 data are compared with the findings based on regional SCIA-MACHY observations showing good agreement. This is exCorrespondence to: M. Vrekoussis (vrekoussis@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de) plained by the excellent correlation of the global retrieved column amounts of CHO.CHO and HCHO from the GOME-2 and SCIAMACHY instruments for the period 2007-2008.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GOME-2 observations of oxygenated VOCs: what can we learn from the ratio glyoxal to formaldehyde on a global scale?

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ref. [1] and references therein). Many terrestrial sources of such species have been characterised and quantified, [2][3][4] including anthropogenic emissions associated with the production and use of fossil fuels (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] Recently, however, it has become apparent that the surface ocean can play an important role in the budgets of both organic trace gases and aerosols. For example, the surface ocean has been shown to be a massive reservoir for oxygenated organic species [1,6] and a recent study of marine aerosols at a coastal site in Ireland [7] showed that the organic fraction contributes significantly (63%) to the sub-micrometer particle mass of aerosols collected over the North Atlantic Ocean during phytoplankton bloom periods. These high-organic-fraction aerosols may be generated directly by bubble bursting at the organic-rich sea surface, or by the emission and subsequent oxidation of biogenic gases that produce semivolatile products and aerosol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for marine production of monoterpenes

et al. 2008

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental context. Laboratory incubation experiments and shipboard measurements in the SouthernAtlantic Ocean have provided the first evidence for marine production of monoterpenes. Nine marine phytoplankton monocultures were investigated using a GC-MS equipped with an enantiomerically-selective column and found to emit monoterpenes including (−)-/(+)-pinene, limonene and p-ocimene, all of which were previously thought to be exclusively of terrestrial origin. Maximum levels of 100-200 pptv total monoterpenes were encountered when the ship crossed an active phytoplankton bloom. Abstract.Laboratory incubation experiments and shipboard measurements on the SouthernAtlantic Ocean have provided the first evidence for marine production of monoterpenes. Nine marine phytoplankton monocultures were investigated using a GC-MS equipped with an enantiomerically-selective column and found to emit at rates, expressed as nmol Monoterpenes were detected in marine air sufficiently far from land as to exclude influence from terrestrial sources. Maximum levels of 100-200 pptv total monoterpenes were encountered when the ship crossed an active phytoplankton bloom, whereas in low chlorophyll regions monoterpenes were mostly below detection limit.

show abstract

“…Due to the high reactivity of BVOC with the primary oxidizing agent OH and their propensity to form particles, these emissions can affect global oxidation chemistry and the Earth's radiation budget (Williams 2004 and references therein). One much studied sub-set of BVOC is the family of monoterpenes, which are emitted by terrestrial plants to the atmosphere in large amounts (ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and enantioselective analysis of monoterpenes from plant chambers and in ambient air using SPME

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.A headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system has been developed for quantifying enantiomeric and nonenantiomeric monoterpenes in plant chamber studies and ambient air. Performance of this system was checked using a capillary diffusion system to produce monoterpene standards. The adsorption efficiency, competitive adsorption and chromatographic peak resolution of monoterpene enantiomer pairs were compared for three SPME fibre coatings: 75 µm Carboxen-PDMS (CAR-PDMS), 50/30 µm divinylbenzene-carboxenpolydimethylsiloxane (DVB-CAR-PDMS) and 65 µm divinylbenzene-polydimethylsiloxane (DVB-PDMS). Key parameters such as the linearity and reproducibility of the SPME system have been investigated in this work. The best compromise between the enantiomeric separation of monoterpenes and competitive adsorption of the isoprenoids on the solid SPME fibre coating was found for DVB-PDMS fibres. The optimum conditions using DVB-PDMS fibres were applied to measure the exchange rates of monoterpenes in the emission of Quercus ilex using a laboratory whole plant enclosure under light and dark conditions, as well as in ambient air. With 592 and 223 ng m −2 s −1 respectively, β-myrcene and limonene were the predominant monoterpenes in the emission of Q. ilex. These values were closely comparable to those obtained using a zNose and cartridge GC-FID systems.

show abstract

Organic Trace Gases in the Atmosphere: An Overview

Cited by 67 publications

References 228 publications

GOME-2 observations of oxygenated VOCs: what can we learn from the ratio glyoxal to formaldehyde on a global scale?

GOME-2 observations of oxygenated VOCs: what can we learn from the ratio glyoxal to formaldehyde on a global scale?

Evidence for marine production of monoterpenes

Quantitative and enantioselective analysis of monoterpenes from plant chambers and in ambient air using SPME

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About