Organic textile dye improves the visual assessment of the bait-lamina test

Eisenhauer, Nico; Wirsch, Daniela; Cesarz, Simone; Craven, Dylan; Dietrich, P.; Friese, Julia; Helm, Juliane; Hines, Jes; Schellenberg, Madlen; Scherreiks, Pascal; Schwarz, Benjamin; Uhe, Christin; Wagner, Kristin; Steinauer, Katja

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2014.05.008

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Soil surface litter removal (as an important part in the decomposition process) will be determined by using litter bags (Ebeling et al 2014), and soil animal activity will be assessed via an improved bait lamina stripe test (Fig. 4B; Eisenhauer et al 2014b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bait lamina stripe method will be used to investigate soil animal activity every two weeks throughout the growing season. In preparation for this proposal, we tested an improved version of this method (Eisenhauer et al 2014b) in the warming treatments of B4WarmED, which showed that it captures warming-induced changes in soil moisture and animal activity (Fig. 4B).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecosystem responses to exotic earthworm invasion in northern North American forests

Eisenhauer¹,

Ferlian²,

Craven³

et al. 2019

RIO

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Earth is experiencing a substantial loss of biodiversity at the global scale, while both species gains and losses are occurring at local and regional scales. The influence of these nonrandom changes in species distributions could profoundly affect the functioning of ecosystems and the essential services that they provide. However, few experimental tests have been conducted examining the influence of species invasions on ecosystem functioning. Even fewer have been conducted using invasive ecosystem engineers, which can have disproportionately strong influence on native ecosystems relative to their own biomass. The invasion of exotic earthworms is a prime example of an ecosystem engineer that is influencing many ecosystems around the world. In particular, European earthworm invasions of northern North American forests cause simultaneous species gains and losses with significant consequences for essential ecosystem processes like nutrient cycling and crucial services to humanity like soil erosion control and carbon sequestration. Exotic earthworms are expected to select for specific traits in communities of soil microorganisms (fast-growing bacteria species), soil fauna (promoting the bacterial energy channel), and plants (graminoids) through direct and indirect effects. This will accelerate some ecosystem processes and decelerate others, fundamentally altering how invaded forests function. This project aims to investigate ecosystem responses of northern North American forests to earthworm invasion. Using a novel, synthetic combination of field observations, field experiments, lab experiments, and meta-analyses, the proposed work will be the first systematic examination of earthworm effects on (1) plant communities and (2) soil food webs and processes. Further, (3) effects of a changing climate (warming and reduced summer precipitation) on earthworm performance will be investigated in a unique field experiment designed to predict the future spread and consequences of earthworm invasion in North America. By assessing the soil chemical and physical properties as well as the taxonomic (e.g., by the latest next-generation sequencing techniques) and functional composition of plant, soil microbial and animal communities and the processes they drive in four forests, work packages I-III take complementary approaches to derive a comprehensive and generalizable picture of how ecosystems change in response to earthworm invasion. Finally, in work package IV meta-analyses will be used to integrate the information from work packages I-III and existing literature to investigate if earthworms cause invasion waves, invasion meltdowns, habitat homogenization, and ecosystem state shifts. Global data will be synthesized to test if the relative magnitude of effects differs from place to place depending on the functional dissimilarity between native soil fauna and exotic earthworms. Moving from local to global scale, the present proposal examines the influence of earthworm invasions on biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships fro...

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem responses to exotic earthworm invasion in northern North American forests

Eisenhauer¹,

Ferlian²,

Craven³

et al. 2019

RIO

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The feeding activity of soil detritivores was measured by inserting bait lamina strips33 in the upper 10 cm of the soil. Bait lamina strips are commonly used as a rapid assessment of feeding activity of soil detritivores41,48,49,50 (Supplementary figure 8) and do not represent microbial activity in the soil41. Previous studies have reported no loss of substrates used in bait lamina strips in defaunated soil (but with soil microorganisms)41 and soil invertebrates as the main drivers of substrate loss from bait lamina strips51.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced feeding activity of soil detritivores under warmer and drier conditions

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anthropogenic warming is projected to trigger positive feedbacks to climate by enhancing carbon losses from the soil1. While such losses are, in part, owing to increased decomposition of organic matter by invertebrate detritivores, it is unknown how detritivore feeding activity will change with warming2, especially under drought conditions. Here, using four year manipulation experiments in two North American boreal forests, we investigate how temperature (ambient, +1.7 °C, +3.4 °C) and rainfall (ambient, -40% summer precipitation) perturbations influence detritivore feeding activity. In contrast to general expectations1,3, warming had negligible net effects on detritivore feeding activity at ambient precipitation. However, when combined with precipitation reductions, warming decreased feeding activity by ~14%. As across all plots and dates, detritivore feeding activity was positively associated to bulk soil microbial respiration, our results suggest slower rates of decomposition of soil organic matter, and thus reduced positive feedbacks to climate under anthropogenic climate change.

show abstract

“…During the second experiment in 2015, bait-lamina tests29,60,61 were conducted in all plots in disturbed canopy habitats to regularly (~every two weeks) assess the decomposition of a standardized cellulose-based substrate under field conditions. We used bait-lamina strips—16 cm long PVC strips with 16 holes of 2 mm in diameter—and filled their holes with a substrate consisting of 65% cellulose (micro granular), 15% agar (pulverized), 10% loess, and 10% wheat bran (finely ground and sieved).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the energy flux to herbivores serves as a measure of herbivory, while the energy fluxes to microbes and detritivores should be directly related to total decomposition rates in the soil20. In order to test this theoretical assumption, we correlated the calculated energy fluxes to microbes and detritivores with data on measured decomposition of a standardized cellulose-based substrate in the field29 (see Methods). We found a significant positive relationship between the combined energy fluxes to microbes and detritivores and the removal rate of cellulose (r 2 = 0.16, p-value = 0.009; Supplementary Figure 8), supporting the claim that energy flux to specific trophic groups describes their respective ecosystem functions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming alters energetic structure and function but not resilience of soil food webs

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Climate warming is predicted to alter the structure, stability, and functioning of food webs1–5. Yet, despite the importance of soil food webs for energy and nutrient turnover in terrestrial ecosystems, warming effects on these food webs—particularly in combination with other global change drivers—are largely unknown. Here, we present results from two complementary field experiments testing the interactive effects of warming with forest canopy disturbance and drought on energy fluxes in boreal-temperate ecotonal forest soil food webs. The first experiment applied a simultaneous above- and belowground warming treatment (ambient, +1.7°C, +3.4°C) to closed canopy and recently clear-cut forest, simulating common forest disturbance6. The second experiment crossed warming with a summer drought treatment (-40% rainfall) in the clear-cut habitats. We show that warming reduces energy fluxes to microbes, while forest canopy disturbance and drought facilitates warming-induced increases in energy flux to higher trophic levels and exacerbates reductions in energy flux to microbes, respectively. Contrary to expectations, we find no change in whole-network resilience to perturbations, but significant losses of ecosystem functioning. Warming thus interacts with forest disturbance and drought, shaping the energetic structure of soil food webs and threatening the provisioning of multiple ecosystem functions in boreal-temperate ecotonal forests.

show abstract

Organic textile dye improves the visual assessment of the bait-lamina test

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Ecosystem responses to exotic earthworm invasion in northern North American forests

Ecosystem responses to exotic earthworm invasion in northern North American forests

Reduced feeding activity of soil detritivores under warmer and drier conditions

Warming alters energetic structure and function but not resilience of soil food webs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About