Organic Solvents

Glycerol Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Thanaka (Hesperethusa crenulata) Bark through LCMS Profiling and Their Antioxidant Properties

“…Organic solvents such as benzene, n-hexane, petroleum ether, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, and chloroform are classified as hazardous or toxic substances, and the use of these solvents is severely restricted by legislation, 2 while solvents such as methanol, ethanol, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate are considered more favorable to the environment with an environmental, health, and safety indicator score of less than 3.0 points and yet still bring some impact onto the environment including air hazard, water hazard, and persistency in the soil, water, or air as well as onto human health including chronic toxicity, irritation, and acute toxicity and safety issues such as fire or explosion risk and solvent release potential. Moreover, long-term contact with alcohol solvents can cause human health issues such as irritant contact dermatitis 3 and reported cases of immunological and nonimmunological contact urticaria. 4,5 While there are various methods such as the distillation method, pressing, and sublimation method for the study and manufacture of natural bioactive compounds from natural products, the most widely used method is still solvent extraction.…”