Organic Photorefractives:  Mechanisms, Materials, and Applications

Photorefractive response and real-time holographic application of a poly(4-(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate)-based composite

“…The optical gain value using the writing beams at 532 nm is 229 cm À1 at 60 V mm À1 . This result is comparable to some high performance PR materials in the review articles by Ostroverkhova et al 9 and Ko ¨ber et al 1 The large energy and the phase shift detected in the two-beam coupling measurement are clear evidence indicating that the formed grating is strongly nonlocal and that the phenomenon is a fingerprint for the PR effect. The present study is focused on the application to dynamic hologram displays, thus the energy transfer is not discussed further here.…”

Photorefractive response and real-time holographic application of a poly(4-(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate)-based composite

“…The optical gain value using the writing beams at 532 nm is 229 cm À1 at 60 V mm À1 . This result is comparable to some high performance PR materials in the review articles by Ostroverkhova et al 9 and Ko ¨ber et al 1 The large energy and the phase shift detected in the two-beam coupling measurement are clear evidence indicating that the formed grating is strongly nonlocal and that the phenomenon is a fingerprint for the PR effect. The present study is focused on the application to dynamic hologram displays, thus the energy transfer is not discussed further here.…”

Carbazole-based polymers as hosts for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes: Simplicity, efficacy

“…As positive point, longevity testing evidenced a remarkable spectrum stability of P88 without the appearance of electroplex and electromer emission centered at 530 nm after 1 hour. These results are impressively different from those obtained with carbazole-substituted polyfluorenes for which an emission at 530 nm was obviously detected [186,187].…”

HighTg, Nonpoled Photorefractive Polymers

“…Moreover, the PR performance is considerable: the usual quantitative parameter used to describe PR behavior is the optical gain coefficient Γ, defined as Γ = cos ( α ) d ln true[ b normalγ b + 1 − normalγ true] where α is the internal angle between the sample normal and the probe beam, γ = I probe ( I pump ≠ 0)/ I probe ( I pump = 0) is the amplification factor, b is the beam intensity ratio, and d is the sample thickness. For compound 1 , Figure a, Γ = 480 cm −1 , a very high value when compared both with absorption (α = 168 cm −1 ) and with literature data . A very similar behavior, even quantitatively, is exhibited by compound 2 , see Figure b: this clearly indicates that results do not depend on the fact that the different functionalities reside on the same side-chain, nor they depend on the nature of the chiral spacer.…”

Photorefractive response and real-time holographic application of a poly(4-(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate)-based composite

“…The optical gain value using the writing beams at 532 nm is 229 cm À1 at 60 V mm À1 . This result is comparable to some high performance PR materials in the review articles by Ostroverkhova et al 9 and Ko ¨ber et al 1 The large energy and the phase shift detected in the two-beam coupling measurement are clear evidence indicating that the formed grating is strongly nonlocal and that the phenomenon is a fingerprint for the PR effect. The present study is focused on the application to dynamic hologram displays, thus the energy transfer is not discussed further here.…”

Carbazole-based polymers as hosts for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes: Simplicity, efficacy

“…As positive point, longevity testing evidenced a remarkable spectrum stability of P88 without the appearance of electroplex and electromer emission centered at 530 nm after 1 hour. These results are impressively different from those obtained with carbazole-substituted polyfluorenes for which an emission at 530 nm was obviously detected [186,187].…”

HighTg, Nonpoled Photorefractive Polymers

“…Moreover, the PR performance is considerable: the usual quantitative parameter used to describe PR behavior is the optical gain coefficient Γ, defined as Γ = cos ( α ) d ln true[ b normalγ b + 1 − normalγ true] where α is the internal angle between the sample normal and the probe beam, γ = I probe ( I pump ≠ 0)/ I probe ( I pump = 0) is the amplification factor, b is the beam intensity ratio, and d is the sample thickness. For compound 1 , Figure a, Γ = 480 cm −1 , a very high value when compared both with absorption (α = 168 cm −1 ) and with literature data . A very similar behavior, even quantitatively, is exhibited by compound 2 , see Figure b: this clearly indicates that results do not depend on the fact that the different functionalities reside on the same side-chain, nor they depend on the nature of the chiral spacer.…”

Photorefractive response and real-time holographic application of a poly(4-(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate)-based composite

“…The optical gain value using the writing beams at 532 nm is 229 cm À1 at 60 V mm À1 . This result is comparable to some high performance PR materials in the review articles by Ostroverkhova et al 9 and Ko ¨ber et al 1 The large energy and the phase shift detected in the two-beam coupling measurement are clear evidence indicating that the formed grating is strongly nonlocal and that the phenomenon is a fingerprint for the PR effect. The present study is focused on the application to dynamic hologram displays, thus the energy transfer is not discussed further here.…”

Carbazole-based polymers as hosts for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes: Simplicity, efficacy

“…As positive point, longevity testing evidenced a remarkable spectrum stability of P88 without the appearance of electroplex and electromer emission centered at 530 nm after 1 hour. These results are impressively different from those obtained with carbazole-substituted polyfluorenes for which an emission at 530 nm was obviously detected [186,187].…”

HighTg, Nonpoled Photorefractive Polymers

“…Moreover, the PR performance is considerable: the usual quantitative parameter used to describe PR behavior is the optical gain coefficient Γ, defined as Γ = cos ( α ) d ln true[ b normalγ b + 1 − normalγ true] where α is the internal angle between the sample normal and the probe beam, γ = I probe ( I pump ≠ 0)/ I probe ( I pump = 0) is the amplification factor, b is the beam intensity ratio, and d is the sample thickness. For compound 1 , Figure a, Γ = 480 cm −1 , a very high value when compared both with absorption (α = 168 cm −1 ) and with literature data . A very similar behavior, even quantitatively, is exhibited by compound 2 , see Figure b: this clearly indicates that results do not depend on the fact that the different functionalities reside on the same side-chain, nor they depend on the nature of the chiral spacer.…”