Organic Osmolyte Channels in the Renal Medulla: Their Properties and Regulation

Kinne, Rolf K. H.; Kipp, Helmut; Ruhfus, Birgit; Wehner, Frank; Boese, Stefan; Kinne-Saffran, Evamaria

doi:10.1093/icb/41.4.728

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Under these conditions myoinositol enters the tubular epithelial cells along with sodium to offset the changes in osmolality induced by the absorption of water (44). In the mammalian kidney, renal medullary cells use inositol as well as other osmolytes to adjust their intracellular osmolality (and thereby their volume) to rapid and profound changes in the ionic composition of the immediate extracellular environment (56), indicating that this low molecular weight, cyclic alcohol is also acutely involved in cellular osmoregulation (17). Although the teleost kidney does not have a loop of Henle, tubular cells will still have to respond to any temporal changes in the osmolality of the tubular or serosal fluids induced by ion transport.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic approach to the study of osmoregulation in the European eelAnguilla anguilla

Kalujnaia

McWilliam

Zaguinaiko

et al. 2007

Physiological Genomics

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In euryhaline teleosts, osmoregulation is a fundamental and dynamic process that is essential for the maintenance of ion and water balance, especially when fish migrate between fresh water (FW) and sea water (SW) environments. The European eel has proved to be an excellent model species to study the molecular and physiological adaptations associated with this osmoregulatory plasticity. The life cycle of the European eel includes two migratory periods, the second being the migration of FW eels back to the Sargasso Sea for reproduction. Various anatomical and physiological changes allow the successful transition to SW. The aim of this study was to use a microarray approach to screen the osmoregulatory tissues of the eel for changes in gene expression following acclimation to SW. Tissues were sampled from fish at selected intervals over a 5-mo period following FW/SW transfer, and RNA was isolated. Suppressive subtractive hybridization was used for enrichment of differentially expressed genes. Microarrays comprising 6,144 cDNAs from brain, gill, intestine, and kidney libraries were hybridized with appropriate targets and analyzed; 229 differentially expressed clones with unique sequences were identified. These clones represented the sequences for 95 known genes, with the remaining sequences (59%) being unknown. The results of the microarray analysis were validated by quantification of 28 differentially expressed genes by Northern blotting. A number of the differentially expressed genes were already known to be involved in osmoregulation, but the functional roles of many others, not normally associated with ion or water transport, remain to be characterized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic approach to the study of osmoregulation in the European eelAnguilla anguilla

Kalujnaia

McWilliam

Zaguinaiko

et al. 2007

Physiological Genomics

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“…One of the major places for organic osmolyte accumulation is the renal medulla, where accumulation occurs because of a broad range of extracellular osmolalities exceeding normal osmolality (for review see Beck et al 1985;Bagnasco et al 1986;Yancey and Burg 1989;Garcia-Perez and Burg 1991;Kinne et al 1993;Kinne 1993;Kinne et al 1995;Kinne 1998;Grunewald and Kinne 1999;Kinne et al 2001) in particular in the direction of hyperosmolality (Grunewald et al 1993a;Grunewald et al 1994;Handler and Kwon 2001). Also chondrocytes (de Angelis et al 1999;Hall and Bush 2001) encounter hyperosmolality in the extracellular space because of the high concentration of fixed charges in the mucopolysaccharides in which they are embedded.…”

Section: Inorganic and Organic Osmolytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell volume regulation: osmolytes, osmolyte transport, and signal transduction

Wehner

Olsen

Tinel³

et al.

Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology

323

333

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In recent years, it has become evident that the volume of a given cell is an important factor not only in defining its intracellular osmolality and its shape, but also in defining other cellular functions, such as transepithelial transport, cell migration, cell growth, cell death, and the regulation of intracellular metabolism. In addition, besides inorganic osmolytes, the existence of organic osmolytes in cells has been discovered. Osmolyte transport systems-channels and carriers alike-have been identified and characterized at a molecular level and also, to a certain extent, the intracellular signals regulating osmolyte movements across the plasma membrane. The current review reflects these developments and focuses on the contributions of inorganic and organic osmolytes and their transport systems in regulatory volume increase (RVI) and regulatory volume decrease (RVD) in a variety of cells. Furthermore, the current knowledge on signal transduction in volume regulation is compiled, revealing an astonishing diversity in transport systems, as well as of regulatory signals. The information available indicates the existence of intricate spatial and temporal networks that control cell volume and that we are just beginning to be able to investigate and to understand.

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“…Data have been compiled from several publications. [49][50][51][52][53][54][55] www.advancedsciencenews.com www.bioessays-journal.com hydranths as well as the number of cells per hydranth, and the shapes of endodermal and ectodermal cells. [51] The alterations affect mainly the hydranths.…”

Section: Are the Environmentally Induced Differences In Hydranth Shapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At high salinities (30‰) (Figure 2C), the hydranths are slim as well, but stay much shorter than in animals reared in 15‰ media. [52] Salinity-dependent formations of these hydranth morphotypes go along with characteristic changes in cell morphology affecting both ectodermal and endodermal cells [51] (Figure 3, lower panels). When Cordylophora colonies are exposed to freshwater for a few days or weeks, the ectodermal cells in the tentacle region of a hydroid are moderately columnar, but their shape shifts to cuboidal within a few days after animals have been transferred to high salinity media (30‰).…”

Section: Are the Environmentally Induced Differences In Hydranth Shapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At 15‰, ecto-as well as endodermal cells show intermediate phenotypes. [52] Besides changes in cell size and shape, the number of cells in Cordylophora hydranths differ when animals are exposed to different salinities for days or weeks being significantly higher in animals reared in freshwater than in those exposed to a salinity of 30‰. [49,[51][52][53][54][55]…”

Section: Are the Environmentally Induced Differences In Hydranth Shapmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic Plasticity in Animals Exposed to Osmotic Stress – Is it Always Adaptive?

2018

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Hyperplasia and hypertrophy are elements of phenotypic plasticity adjusting organ size and function. Because they are costly, we assume that they are beneficial. In this review, the authors discuss examples of tissue and organ systems that respond with plastic changes to osmotic stress to raise awareness that we do not always have sufficient experimental evidence to conclude that such processes provide fitness advantages. Changes in hydranth architecture in the hydroid Cordylophora caspia or variations in size in the anal papillae of insect larvae upon changes in medium salinity may be adaptive or not. The restructuring of salt glands in ducklings upon salt-loading is an example of phenotypic plasticity which indeed seems beneficial. As the genomes of model species are recently sequenced and the animals are easy to rear, these species are suitable study objects to investigate the biological significance of phenotypic plasticity and to study potential epigenetic and other mechanisms underlying phenotypic changes.

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Organic Osmolyte Channels in the Renal Medulla: Their Properties and Regulation

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Transcriptomic approach to the study of osmoregulation in the European eelAnguilla anguilla

Transcriptomic approach to the study of osmoregulation in the European eelAnguilla anguilla

Cell volume regulation: osmolytes, osmolyte transport, and signal transduction

Phenotypic Plasticity in Animals Exposed to Osmotic Stress – Is it Always Adaptive?

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