Organic modification of montmorillonite for application in plasticized PVC nanocomposites

Petersen, Henrik; Jakubowicz, Ignacy; Enebro, Jonas; Yarahmadi, Nazdaneh

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2015.01.006

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We have shown in a previous study that TBC is an excellent OM for MMT. Consequently, we have manufactured a material composed of DINP‐plasticized PVC and TBC‐modified MMT using a two‐step melt process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…We interpret these results as follows. The compatibility between TBC and DINP is better than between TBC and MMT, as was predicted by the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) . In other words, the chelating effect of the alkyl citrate ester is too mild, and consequently during melt processing of DINP‐plasticized PVC with TBC‐modified MMT, the TBC leaves the MMT, which collapses and reaggregates, and so does not significantly influence the final material properties, while TBC alone causes the changes in properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The choice of OM was based on the results of an earlier study, where it was shown that the type of solvent had little effect on the increase in interlayer space of the OMMTs. On the other hand, the choice of solvent influenced the morphology of the OMMTs, causing structural differences to occur.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, we have attempted to find new types of organic species for clay modification that will allow for the preparation of organoclays (OMMTs) in the absence of quaternary ammonium salts. In our previous work, we explored the idea of using suitable chelating agents as organic modifiers (OM) rather than an ionic exchange component, that are capable of decreasing the electrostatic forces between the negatively charged flakes of MMT and the positive ions in the interlayer spacing . In a recent study, alkyl citrates were identified as potentially suitable OM for MMT because of their good miscibility with PVC, ability to intercalate the MMT clay, and their good thermal stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of nanocomposites based on organically modified montmorillonite and plasticized PVC with improved barrier properties

Petersen¹,

Jakubowicz²,

Enebro³

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Montmorillonite (MMT) was organically modified with tributyl citrate (TBC). Organoclays (OMMTs) were processed with diisononyl phthalate (DINP)-plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to form polymer nanocomposites. The produced composite materials showed a contradictory change in properties to that expected of a layered silicate nanocomposite, with a decreased E-modulus and increased gas permeability compared with a material without OMMT. It was experimentally shown that the TBC modifier was extracted from the OMMT and was dispersed in the PVC/DINP matrix, whereupon the OMMT collapsed and formed micrometer-sized agglomerates. Further investigation revealed that TBC has a significant effect on the gas permeability and the E-modulus, even at low additions to a DINP-plasticized PVC. A PVC nanocomposite with the TBC acting as both the OM for MMT and as the primary plasticizer was produced. This material showed a significantly increased E-modulus as well as a decrease in gas permeability, confirming that it is possible to develop a nanocomposite based on plasticized PVC, if both the organo-modification of the MMT and the formulation of the matrix are carefully selected.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of nanocomposites based on organically modified montmorillonite and plasticized PVC with improved barrier properties

Petersen¹,

Jakubowicz²,

Enebro³

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Montmorillonite (MMT) s usually organically modified by ion-exchange reactions with primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary alkylammonium or alkylphosphonium salts [11]. These types of MMT have, when exfoliated, a number of improved properties including mechanical strength, barrier properties, flammability resistance, electrical/electronic properties and polymer blend compatibilization with most polymer matrices [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of PVC Nanocomposite Properties Connected with Clay Content

Kalendová¹,

Sabadasova²,

Měřínská³

et al. 2017

DAAAM Proceedings

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The polyvinylchloride (PVC) is an extensively used thermoplastic material, therefore the research were focused on this polymer. The aim of this work was to determinate the current development of nanocomposite materials based the polyvinylchloride and the influence of filler loading on their thermal and electrical properties. As nanofillers were used clays derived from montmorillonite (MMT): MMTNa+ and MMT30B. MMTNa+ presented sodium type of montmorillonite and MMT30 is organically modified type of MMT. Both of the clays were intercalated or cointercalated with plasticizer bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). As the compounder the Buss KO-kneader was selected. This type of compounder is suitable for processing temperature-sensitive polymers. The properties as thermal and electrical conductivity were evaluated in comparison to the structure.

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Evaluation of spherulite growth in PHB‐based systems – A DoE approach

Majerczak

Liggat

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Formulations based on poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐valerate) were studied to statistically assess the importance of process parameters (temperature) and chemistry in filled and/or plasticized PHB‐based formulations on spherulite growth rate (SGR) and nucleation density (ND). It was found that in binary systems, addition of a plasticizer results in shift of the maximum SGR towards lower temperatures, with the value of the shift dependent on polymer‐plasticizer compatibility. The presence of the filler does not significantly influence SGR, instead resulting in ND changes dependent on filler chemistry, with Cloisite Ca++ showing the strongest nucleating action in all formulations among fillers studied. In ternary systems, statistical analysis shows that SGR strongly depends on the crystallization temperature (Tc), plasticizer type and concentration, and hydroxyvalerate content in the polymer chain while being independent of the presence and chemistry of the filler in the system. ND has, however, proven to be dependent on all investigated parameters, including both filler type and its concentration, with Tc being the most important factor. These results expand the understanding of factors controlling crystallization in polymer systems and provide an initial set of design tools that can be used to control mechanical properties in new generations of packaging materials.

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Organic modification of montmorillonite for application in plasticized PVC nanocomposites

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Development of nanocomposites based on organically modified montmorillonite and plasticized PVC with improved barrier properties

Development of nanocomposites based on organically modified montmorillonite and plasticized PVC with improved barrier properties

Changes of PVC Nanocomposite Properties Connected with Clay Content

Evaluation of spherulite growth in PHB‐based systems – A DoE approach

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