Organic Matrix and Secondary Metabolites in Nacre

Muizon, Capucine Jourdain de; Iandolo, Donata; Nguyen, Dung Kim; Al‐Mourabit, Ali; Rousseau, Marthe

doi:10.1007/s10126-022-10145-9

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 85 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…It was reported that the organic matrix of shell nacre is comprised of the water-soluble matrix and the water-insoluble matrix. The water-soluble matrix contains the acidic proteins and polysaccharides, whereas the water-insoluble matrix contains the chitin, lipid, and the alanine and glycine rich silk-like proteins [60]. In the present study, the peaks of aragonite, proteins, carbohydrates, and water were observed, and the results were consistent with the findings of Balmain et al and Zouari et al during investigations of the organic content of the shell nacre of Pinctada maxima shells [56] and Pinctada radiata shells [61].…”

Section: Characterization Of Shell Nacre Powdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bone Void Filling Cement Compositions Based on Shell Nacre and Siloxane Methacrylate Resin: Development and Characterization

Wilson,

Philipose Pampadykandathil

2023

Bioengineering

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Shell nacre from Pinctada species has been extensively researched for managing bone defects. However, there is a gap in the research regarding using shell nacre powder as a cement with improved biological and physicochemical properties. To address this, bone void filling cement was formulated by incorporating shell nacre powder and an organically modified ceramic resin (ormocer). The shell nacre powder was specifically processed from the shells of Pinctada fucata and analysed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy, confirming the presence of organic constituents and inorganic aragonite. Trace element analysis confirmed the eligibility of shell nacre powder for biomedical applications. Next, the ormocer SNLSM2 was synthesized through a modified sol–gel method. FTIR, Raman, TGA, and transmission electron microscopy studies revealed the presence of a ladder-structured siloxane backbone and methacrylate side chain. To develop chemical curable composite shell nacre cement (SNC), different amounts of shell nacre (24%, 48%, and 72%) were added to the SNLSM2 resin, and the impact on the physicochemical properties of the cement was studied. Among the compositions, SNC 72 exhibited significantly lower linear polymerization shrinkage (0.4%) and higher compressive (>100 MPa) and flexural strength (>35 MPa). SNC 72 was radiopaque, and the exotherm generated during the cement curing was minimal. Cytotoxicity studies with L929 cells revealed the non-cytotoxic nature of the cement. Overall, the findings of this study prove that the shell nacre cement is a promising candidate for managing bone voids.

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Section: Characterization Of Shell Nacre Powdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Bone Void Filling Cement Compositions Based on Shell Nacre and Siloxane Methacrylate Resin: Development and Characterization

Wilson,

Philipose Pampadykandathil

2023

Bioengineering

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Organic Matrices of Calcium Carbonate Biominerals Improve Osteoblastic Mineralization

Nahle,

Lutet-Toti,

Namikawa

et al. 2024

Mar Biotechnol

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Many organisms incorporate inorganic solids into their tissues to improve functional and mechanical properties. The resulting mineralized tissues are called biominerals. Several studies have shown that nacreous biominerals induce osteoblastic extracellular mineralization. Among them, Pinctada margaritifera is well known for the ability of its organic matrix to stimulate bone cells. In this context, we aimed to study the effects of shell extracts from three other Pinctada species (Pinctada radiata, Pinctada maxima, and Pinctada fucata) on osteoblastic extracellular matrix mineralization, by using an in vitro model of mouse osteoblastic precursor cells (MC3T3-E1). For a better understanding of the Pinctada-bone mineralization relationship, we evaluated the effects of 4 other nacreous mollusks that are phylogenetically distant and distinct from the pinctadas. In addition, we tested 12 non-nacreous mollusks and one extra-group. Biomineral shell powders were prepared, and their organic matrix was partially extracted using ethanol. Firstly, the effect of these powders and extracts was assessed on the viability of MC3T3-E1. Our results indicated that neither the powder nor the ethanol-soluble matrix (ESM) affected cell viability at low concentrations. Then, we evaluated osteoblastic mineralization using Alizarin Red staining and we found a prominent MC3T3-E1 mineralization mainly induced by nacreous biominerals, especially those belonging to the Pinctada genus. However, few non-nacreous biominerals were also able to stimulate the extracellular mineralization. Overall, our ndings validate the remarkable ability of CaCO 3 biomineral extracts to promote bone mineralization. Nevertheless, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to uncover the mechanisms of action of biominerals in bone.

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