Organic–inorganic perovskite plasmonic nanowire lasers with a low threshold and a good thermal stability

Yu, Haichao; Ren, Kuankuan; Wu, Qiang; Wang, Jian; Lin, Jie; Wang, Zhijie; Xu, Jingjun; Oulton, Rupert F.; Qu, Shengchun; Jin, Peng

doi:10.1039/c6nr06891j

Cited by 90 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Recently, organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites have attracted much interest from the scientific community for various applications, including solar cells, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] lasers, [13][14][15] light emitting diodes (LED), [16][17][18] water splitting, [19,20] photodetectors, [21][22][23][24][25] field-effect transistors, [26][27][28][29][30] nonvolatile memory, [31,32] capacitors, [33] battery, [34,35] optical amplifiers, [36] lasing, [37][38][39] and laser cooling. [40] They are now considered the most exceptional materials due to their high efficiency and ease in fabrication, and the materials used to form perovskite are extensively available and inexpensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Dimensional Perovskites: From Synthesis to Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells

Yusoff

Nazeeruddin

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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ruthenium molecular dye, wide absorption range, direct and tunable bandgaps, superior charge carrier mobility, and long carrier diffusion length. [6,[43][44][45] Although it has been synthesized for over 100 years, Mitzi et al. were the first to investigate the electrical properties of tin-based perovskite in 1994, [46] which was later used in numerous devices, including field effect transistors (FETs) and LEDs. [47][48][49] The attention toward metal halide perovskites sparked yet again in 2009, [42] and they were later named one of the most promising emerging technologies in 2016. In brief, metal halide perovskites can be divided into two types based on their crystal structure motif: (i) 3D-structured perovskite (AMX 3 ) and (ii) 2D-structured perovskite (A 2 MX 4 ). The structure of the perovskite could either be 2D or 3D, while the dimensions of the perovskite probably belong to 0D-3D. The term "perovskite" implies to the general class of materials derived from an elemental composition of AMX 3 and demonstrates the crystal structure of perovskite crystal CaTiO 3 , where the divalent metal M resides at the body center and surrounded by six X-anions located at the face centers in an octahedral cluster. The MX 6 in the octahedral cluster may form an extended 3D structure by all-corner-connected type with A-cation sitting at the center. It could also form a 2D perovskite when the 3D perovskite network is cut into one-layer-thick slices along the 〈100〉 direction and separates them apart. In principle, 2D perovskite is the easiest to synthesize because of its natural layered structure, which is held together by weak van der Waals forces. Dou et al. reported the large-scale synthesis of the monolayer (C 4 H 9 NH 3 ) 2 -PbBr 4 by a chemical method. [50] Along the same lines, several groups have prepared and characterized nanomaterials composed of various forms of perovskites. [51][52][53] Also, our group has recently successfully prepared a low-dimensional mixed 2D/3D perovskite using the protonated salt of amino valeric acid iodide (AVAI) as an organic precursor mixed with PbI 2 , in which a yellowish film was containing needle-like crystallite formed. [54] In this topical review, we present the latest advances in the synthesis of low-dimensional perovskites and the growth mechanism to develop a strategy to achieve best performing devices. Later, we focus the instability and a cost-effective solution to circumvent this problem, which is vital for the eventual deployment of perovskite solar cells to consumers market. We present an analysis of the origins for instability in perovskite solar cells, and present a summary of the main achievements and possible future developments of these low-dimensional perovskite. [2,55] Perovskite solar cells have been heralded as one of the most promising emerging technologies in 2016 because of the very high power conversion efficiency of 22% and the low cost of generating electricity compared to even fossil fuels. These are formed with various dimensionalities and can be fully mani...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Dimensional Perovskites: From Synthesis to Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells

Yusoff

Nazeeruddin

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The mode simulation and electric field distribution were also calculated for NWs on glass and SiO 2 /Ag substrates, as shown in Figure e–g. The CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 plasmonic NW lasers were also reported with a low threshold and good thermal stability by Yu et al Their plasmonic lasers consisted of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 NWs on a silver film with a 10 nm thick MgF 2 spacer layer, as shown in Figure h. The calculated cross‐sectional electric field distribution showed that the NW mode was confined to an ultrasmall mode size in the insulating gap region (Figure i).…”

Section: Applications Of Halide Perovskite Nwsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Applications Of Halide Perovskite Nwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Synthesis and Photonics Applications of Metal Halide Perovskite Nanowires

et al. 2018

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Metal halide perovskite nanowires (NW)s have recently demonstrated potential applications in integrated photonics devices such as lasers and photodetectors due to their unique physical and chemical characteristics. Here, the rapid progress in the synthesis methods and photonics applications of organic–inorganic hybrid and all‐inorganic halide perovskite NWs are reviewed systematically. The controlled synthesis methods are mainly classified into solution‐phase synthesis, vapor‐phase synthesis, and other synthesis methods. The photonics applications of the halide perovskite NWs, including lasers, photodetectors, solar cells, and other applications, are also introduced and discussed. Finally, the summary and perspectives for halide perovskite NWs are provided.

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“…In addition, other approaches like directional distributed grating and perovskite structures for polaritonic lasing have been taken. CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3 nanowire-based FP lasers have been realized by Yu et al, [41] which can emit light below diffraction limits. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges and goals to advance perovskite lasers.…”

Section: 2%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskites for Laser and Detector Applications

Das

Gholipour

Saliba

2019

Energy & Environ Materials

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Formally, perovskites have an ABX 3 structure where the A-site ion occupies a central cavity enclosed by corner shared octahedral BX 6 moieties forming a cubic crystal structure. Because of the formal stoichiometry requirement, that is, q A + q B = 3q X (q X is the charge of ion X), only certain elements are allowed to act as the X-site ion in the perovskites crystal structure. [1] Usually, the most common are the oxides with X = O (e.g., CaTiO 3 , SrTiO 3 , and KTaO 3 ) or the halides with X = F, Cl, Br, or I. To fit into an ideal cubic perovskite, the A-site cation has to be larger than B-site and thus specific size conditions need to be satisfied. This size requirement, as well as structural stability, is captured by the so-called Goldschmidt's tolerance factor (GTF) (t ¼ rAþrX ffiffi 2 p ðrBþrXÞ ) [2] along with the octahedral factor (l ¼ rB rX ), [3] where r X simply refers to the radius of the ion X. For an ideal cubic crystal structure, as in many 3D halide perovskites, the conditions 0.8 ≤ t ≤1 and 0.44 ≤ µ ≤ 0.90 need to be satisfied. For an ideal 3D perovskite structure, a t-value of 1 is desired and within the allowed range between 0.8 and 1, tilting of the BX 6 octahedra is noted , leading to a quasi-ideal perovskite structure. Contrarily, t-values larger than 1 or lower than 0.8 lead to formation of hexagonal and non-cubic structures, respectively. [4,5] This model determining geometry, shape, and size of crystal motifs is particularly applicable for fluorides and oxides because of their high electronegativities making the nature of their bonding increasingly ionic. [6] However, deviation from tolerance factor has been observed for many metal-organic framework-based perovskites (e.g., ABX 3 formats) [7] or ammonium halide perovskites with A-cation larger than methyl or formamidinium. [7,8] The pertinent reason in such cases is that r X cannot be clearly defined for the covalently bonded organic moieties in the perovskite framework. The tolerance factors have been thus revised using Kieslich model of effective ionic radii, [7] and molecular globularity model by Gholipour et al. [8] The ammonium halide-based hybrid perovskites mentioned above dispose into tunable structures, phases, dimensionalities, and morphologies (see Figure 1). Generally, a perovskite unit cells can multiply forming double perovskites like Ba 2 CaTeO 6 and Sr 2 FeMoO 6[9] or triple perovskites, [10] for example, Ba 2 KNaTe 2 O 9 or anti-perovskites [11] (see Panel A, Figure 1). In addition, perovskites can dispose into layered phases constituting 2D BX 6 octahedra with interspersed cations forming the so-called Ruddlesden-Popper, [12] Aurivillius, [13] and Dion-Jacobson phases [14] (see Panel A, Figure 1). For a structural configuration (RNH 3 ) 2 A n À 1 B n X 3n + 1 where R is an organic group, the perovskite dimensionalities are dictated by integer values of n which represents the number of inorganic layers enveloped by organic cations. [5,15] An nvalue of 1 yields pure 2D perovskites, and n-value of 1 gives 3D perovskites wh...

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Organic–inorganic perovskite plasmonic nanowire lasers with a low threshold and a good thermal stability

Cited by 90 publications

References 34 publications

Low‐Dimensional Perovskites: From Synthesis to Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells

Low‐Dimensional Perovskites: From Synthesis to Stability in Perovskite Solar Cells

Controlled Synthesis and Photonics Applications of Metal Halide Perovskite Nanowires

Perovskites for Laser and Detector Applications

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