Organic Greenhouse Production: Towards an Agroecological Approach in the Framework of the New European Regulation—A Review

Tittarelli, Fabio

doi:10.3390/agronomy10010072

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Many challenges are to be faced to achieve the goals laid down in EU and national policy roadmaps, such as the Farm 2 Fork strategy of the European Union as part of the European Green Deal roadmap. In addition, there is an ongoing technical and scientific discussion about the challenge of dealing with the principles of organic farming in the context of greenhouse horticulture whilst supporting the need for increasing organic greenhouse production in various climatic and geographic conditions (Tittarelli, 2020).…”

Section: Problem Definition and Opportunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for the introduction of Vital Fluid natural nitrogen in the Spanish (organic) horticulture : a desk and field study

Victoria¹,

Romero²,

Hertel³

et al. 2022

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Vital Fluid, 3. Doornebosch Advies, 4. VanWaarde ReferaatStikstof bemesting is een grote uitdaging in de biologische tuinbouw. Via plasmareactoren kan stikstof uit de lucht worden vastgelegd in water, een oplossing dat kan worden toegepast via het irrigatiesysteem. Spanje heeft de grootste gecertifi ceerde oppervlakte biologische teelt van Europa. Uit desk-en veldstudie door WUR Glastuinbouw & Bloembollen in samenwerking met VitalFluid, Doornebosch Advies en VanWaarde in het kader van een Topsector Seed Money Project blijkt dat deze innovatie goed past in de Spaanse biologische glastuinbouw en zou kunnen bijdragen aan het verbeteren van de N-aanbod en productie. De provincie Almeria concentreert het grootste aandeel biologische glastuinbouw, een goede kennisinfrastructuur en passende fi nanciële instrumenten voor innovaties. Potentiële gebruikers in de regio bevestigen dat Natuurlijke Stikstof zeker een oplossing zal zijn voor de N-voorziening van vooral vruchtgroente met korte teeltcyclus, en zijn bereid deze over te nemen. Hiertoe moet het succesvol blijken in lokaal uitgevoerde tests, prijsconcurrerend zijn, goedgekeurd worden voor gebruik als input in de biologische tuinbouw en geen negatieve invloed hebben op het bodemleven of de isotopische voetafdruk van de producten. Lokale certifi catie-instellingen zullen Natuurlijke Stikstof goedkeuren nadat het is opgenomen in de EGTOP-lijst van toegestane inputs in de biologische tuinbouw.

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Section: Problem Definition and Opportunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A roadmap for the introduction of Vital Fluid natural nitrogen in the Spanish (organic) horticulture : a desk and field study

Victoria¹,

Romero²,

Hertel³

et al. 2022

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“…In the EU, the organic sector is worth approximately €27 billion – an increase of 125% compared with 20 years ago – with a land expansion rate at around 400 000 hectares per annum (European Commission 2017); in 2018, organic farming covered 13.4 million hectares of agricultural land, which corresponds to 7.5% of the total utilised agricultural area of the European Union (eurostat 2020). The rapid diffusion of highly intensive organic production systems over the last decade has sparked discussion on the principles of organic farming amongst producers, consumer associations and policymakers of the organic sector (Tittarelli 2020).…”

Section: The Organic Movement and Eu Regulatory Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since solid livestock manures and composts exhibit an unbalanced nutrient composition, it is impossible to achieve a balanced system by their application. Suggested practices in organic regulations, such as soil tillage practices, crop rotations, organic amendments and agro‐ecological services crops are only effective when applied to less intensive systems (Tittarelli 2020). Additionally, the use of any fertilisers – on the land, organic or inorganic, within and outside greenhouses – can threaten underground as well as surface water quality, where these nutrients end up in streams and rivers.…”

Section: Rules Preventing Organic Aquaponic Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic aquaponics in the European Union: towards sustainable farming practices in the framework of the new EU regulation

Fruscella

Kotzen

Milliken

2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Under the new Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/848 which will enter into law in January 2022, aquaponic produce cannot be certified as organic in the European Union. Given the multiple components of an aquaponic system, which involve growing plants in hydroponic conditions, recycling of fish waste and raising fish in artificial conditions, the achievement of organic certification for aquaponic produce is a complex matter dictated by many parameters. Although in theory and in practice aquaponics fulfils nearly all organic farming principles, rules such as the need for crops to be cultivated in soil and the ban on using recirculating aquaculture systems currently prevent aquaponic produce from achieving organic certification. This review examines these rules in the new regulation on horticulture and aquaculture. The rules are evaluated, their foundations discussed, and suggestions are made on the type of system modifications that could potentially make it possible for aquaponic produce to be certified as organic. Suggested modifications include the use of soil in the hydroponic section and the implementation of environmental enrichment for improving the fish welfare in the aquaculture section. Several EU policies and strategies that support the development of aquaponics are also discussed, and potential policies for the development of organic aquaponics are formulated.

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“…However, this is a useful effect as further increases overall energy gain (Figures 2-23). There is also an ironing out effect expressed in terms of the ratios between peak and average insolations [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Relative Humiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation of Organics in Controlled Environment Greenhouse

Omer¹

2021

JNFP

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A greenhouse is essentially an enclosed structure, which traps the short wavelength solar radiation and stores the long wavelength thermal radiation to create a favourable microclimate for higher productivity. The sun’s radiation incident on the greenhouse has two parts: direct radiation and an associated diffuse sky radiation. The diffuse part is not focused by the lenses and goes right through Frensel lenses onto the surface of the absorbers. This energy is absorbed and transformed into heat, which is then transported via the liquid medium in copper pipes to the water (heat) storage tanks or, if used, open fish tanks. In this way, an optimal temperature for both plant cultivation and fish production can be maintained. Stable plant growth conditions are light, temperature and air humidity. Light for the photosynthesis of plants comes from the diffuse radiation, which is without substantial fluctuations and variation throughout most of the day. The air temperature inside the greenhouse is one of the factors that have an influence on the precocity of production. The selective collector acts in a more perceptible way on extreme air temperatures inside the greenhouse. Hence, the system makes it possible to avoid the excessive deviation of the temperature inside the greenhouse and provides a favourable microclimate for the precocity of the culture. Sediment and some associated water from the sediment traps are used as organic fertiliser for the plant cultivation. The present trend in greenhouse cultivation is to extend the crop production season in order to maximise use of the equipment and increase annual productivity and profitability. However, in many Mediterranean greenhouses, such practices are limited because the improper cooling methods (mainly natural or forced ventilation) used do not provide the desired micro-climatic condition during the summer of a composite climate. Also, some of these greenhouses have been built where the meteorological conditions require some heating during the winter, particularly at night. The worst scenario is during the winter months when relatively large difference in temperature between day and night occurs. However, overheating of the greenhouse during the day is common, even in winter, requiring ventilation of the structure. Hence, several techniques have been proposed for the storage of the solar energy received by the greenhouse during the day and its use to heat the structure at night. Reviews of such techniques are presented in this article. Air or water can be used for heat transport. The circulating water is heated during the day via two processes. The water absorbs part of the infrared radiation of the solar spectrum. Since the water is transparent in the visible region, they do not compete with the plants that need it. Alternatively, the water exchanges heat with the greenhouse air through the walls. At night, if the greenhouse temperature goes down below a specified value, the water begins to circulate acting as heat transfer surfaces heating the air in the greenhouse.

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Organic Greenhouse Production: Towards an Agroecological Approach in the Framework of the New European Regulation—A Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

A roadmap for the introduction of Vital Fluid natural nitrogen in the Spanish (organic) horticulture : a desk and field study

A roadmap for the introduction of Vital Fluid natural nitrogen in the Spanish (organic) horticulture : a desk and field study

Organic aquaponics in the European Union: towards sustainable farming practices in the framework of the new EU regulation

Cultivation of Organics in Controlled Environment Greenhouse

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