Organic Geochemical Studies, Ii. A Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Algae, in Bacteria, and in a Recent Lake Sediment

Han, Jian; McCarthy, E.D.; Hoeven, William Van; Calvin, Melvin; Bradley, W. H.

doi:10.1073/pnas.59.1.29

Cited by 139 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The predominant C1, paraffin was present in both algae, being thus in agreement with Han et al (1968) and Or6 et al (1967). The suspect purity of the C,, paraffin in T. gelatinosa suggests the presence of the corresponding alkenes.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

“…Patterson (1967), however, noted an increase in concentration of the C25 and C27 paraffins in Chlorella vulgaris when it was grown chemo-organotrophically. Other workers have noted a lower boiling point range (c15-25) of n-paraffins in certain algae (Or6 et al 1967;Han et al 1968), sometimes with peaks around CI7. The present study reports patterns of alkanes produced by soil micro-organisms to determine what role if any these alkanes played in the hydrocarbon spectrum of the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oppenheimer (I 965) reported the production of ' hydrocarbon-like' materials in Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and in mixed cultures of micro-organisms. Han et al, 1968.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on Lipids of Soil Micro-organisms with Particular Reference to Hydrocarbons

Jones

1969

Journal of General Microbiology

100

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SUMMARYThe lipids of soil micro-organisms harvested from simple and complex media varied from 2 to 20% in bacteria, 10 to 20% in fungi, 2-5 to 15% (w/w) in algae. The bulk of the lipid usually consisted of polar compounds; paraffinic hydrocarbons comprised 0.008 to 2.7 yo in bacteria, 0.04 to 0.7 yo in fungi, 0.08 to 2.9% (wlw) in algae. Lipid contents of algae were more affected by growth medium composition than were those of the bacteria and fungi. Gas-liquid chromatography showed that the hydrocarbons were paraffins in the range c16-36. The hydrocarbon patterns varied with species and growth medium. A peak in the range c27-31 was usual in bacteria with sometimes a minor peak in the range C,,-,,. The fungi exhibited slightly more stable hydrocarbon patterns (except Trichoderma viride) than bacteria and most showed major and minor paraffin peaks in similar regions.The algae showed a peak at CI7 regardless of the growth medium but Tetraspora gelatinosa showed an increase in C25 and C27 paraffin content when grown with acetate. The ratio of paraffin chains consisting of odd numbers of carbon atoms to those containing even numbers of carbon atoms was around unity for bacteria and fungi, also for T. gelatinosa when it was grown on COz as sole carbon source. The Nostoc sp. and T. gelatinosa (grown with CO, plus acetate) contained predominantly Codd paraffins.

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supporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on Lipids of Soil Micro-organisms with Particular Reference to Hydrocarbons

Jones

1969

Journal of General Microbiology

100

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“…However, previous reports revealed that several unicellular cyanobacterial species also produced branched hydrocarbons. For example, methylheptadecane could be detected in the unicellular Anacystis nidulans, Anacystis cyanea and Chrococcus turgidus in the 1970s [1,10,16] (Table 1). However, the amounts of these branched alkanes were small and not much larger than the error of the instrument.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon profiles and phylogenetic analyses of diversified cyanobacterial species

Liu¹,

Zhu²,

Lü³

et al. 2013

Applied Energy

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“…A decarbonylase activity converting a fatty n-aldehyde substrate to a n-alkane has been shown in B. brauni (Dennis and Kolattukudy, 1992); however, the corresponding protein has not been identified so far. Presence of shorter chain alka(e)nes in some microalga species has been reported in the context of geochemical studies (Han et al, 1968;Gelpi et al, 1970;Tornabene et al, 1980;Afi et al, 1996) but the biology of these compounds has not been investigated further.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long-Chain Fatty Acids via a Light-Dependent Pathway

Sorigué

Légeret²,

Cuiné³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

115

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Microalgae are considered a promising platform for the production of lipid-based biofuels. While oil accumulation pathways are intensively researched, the possible existence of a microalgal pathways converting fatty acids into alka(e)nes has received little attention. Here, we provide evidence that such a pathway occurs in several microalgal species from the green and the red lineages. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Chlorophyceae), a C17 alkene, n-heptadecene, was detected in the cell pellet and the headspace of liquid cultures. The Chlamydomonas alkene was identified as 7-heptadecene, an isomer likely formed by decarboxylation of cis-vaccenic acid. Accordingly, incubation of intact Chlamydomonas cells with per-deuterated D 31 -16:0 (palmitic) acid yielded D 31 -18:0 (stearic) acid, D 29 -18:1 (oleic and cis-vaccenic) acids, and D 29 -heptadecene. These findings showed that loss of the carboxyl group of a C 18 monounsaturated fatty acid lead to heptadecene formation. Amount of 7-heptadecene varied with growth phase and temperature and was strictly dependent on light but was not affected by an inhibitor of photosystem II. Cell fractionation showed that approximately 80% of the alkene is localized in the chloroplast. Heptadecane, pentadecane, as well as 7-and 8-heptadecene were detected in Chlorella variabilis NC64A (Trebouxiophyceae) and several Nannochloropsis species (Eustigmatophyceae). In contrast, Ostreococcus tauri (Mamiellophyceae) and the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum produced C 21 hexaene, without detectable C 15 -C 19 hydrocarbons. Interestingly, no homologs of known hydrocarbon biosynthesis genes were found in the Nannochloropsis, Chlorella, or Chlamydomonas genomes. This work thus demonstrates that microalgae have the ability to convert C 16 and C 18 fatty acids into alka(e)nes by a new, lightdependent pathway.

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Organic Geochemical Studies, Ii. A Preliminary Report on the Distribution of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Algae, in Bacteria, and in a Recent Lake Sediment

Cited by 139 publications

References 3 publications

Studies on Lipids of Soil Micro-organisms with Particular Reference to Hydrocarbons

Studies on Lipids of Soil Micro-organisms with Particular Reference to Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbon profiles and phylogenetic analyses of diversified cyanobacterial species

Microalgae Synthesize Hydrocarbons from Long-Chain Fatty Acids via a Light-Dependent Pathway

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