Organic Fouling in Forward Osmosis: A Comprehensive Review

Yadav, Sudesh; Ibrar, Ibrar; Bakly, Salam; Khanafer, Daoud; Altaee, Ali; Padmanaban, V. C.; Samal, Akshaya K.; Hawari, Alaa H.

doi:10.3390/w12051505

Cited by 37 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 170 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Organic fouling plays a vital role in deteriorating the membrane performance during FO [ 20 , 39 , 55 ]. Humic acid, polysaccharides, colloidal particles, protein, lipid, alginate, folic acid are some common organic foulants reported in the literature.…”

Section: Classification Of Fouling Types In Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Application of Zwitterions in Forward Osmosis: A Short Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forward osmosis (FO) is an important desalination method to produce potable water. It was also used to treat different wastewater streams, including industrial as well as municipal wastewater. Though FO is environmentally benign, energy intensive, and highly efficient; it still suffers from four types of fouling namely: organic fouling, inorganic scaling, biofouling and colloidal fouling or a combination of these types of fouling. Membrane fouling may require simple shear force and physical cleaning for sufficient recovery of membrane performance. Severe fouling may need chemical cleaning, especially when a slimy biofilm or severe microbial colony is formed. Modification of FO membrane through introducing zwitterionic moieties on the membrane surface has been proven to enhance antifouling property. In addition, it could also significantly improve the separation efficiency and longevity of the membrane. Zwitterion moieties can also incorporate in draw solution as electrolytes in FO process. It could be in a form of a monomer or a polymer. Hence, this review comprehensively discussed several methods of inclusion of zwitterionic moieties in FO membrane. These methods include atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP); second interfacial polymerization (SIP); coating and in situ formation. Furthermore, an attempt was made to understand the mechanism of improvement in FO performance by zwitterionic moieties. Finally, the future prospective of the application of zwitterions in FO has been discussed.

show abstract

Section: Classification Of Fouling Types In Fomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fouling mitigation is a major issue for most membrane separation applications [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. In FO, the degree of fouling is not only related to the feed composition and characteristic of the foulant, but also the hydrodynamic conditions, DS composition, and membrane properties and orientation [ 43 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Zwitterions in Forward Osmosis: A Short Review

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Organic compounds could be presented as natural organic matter and synthetic organic compounds [19]. The organic foulant adsorbs on the membrane surface, then gradually develops into a thick and dense cake layer driven by intermolecular Van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions [20].…”

Section: Organic Foulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, various types of foulant could be co-existing in a real industrial effluent [23]. There will be intermolecular interaction between the foulant and the foulant with the membrane surface, making the fouling mechanism complex [19,46,47]. One typical example of combined fouling is the co-existing of the divalent cations (e.g., Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions) and the organic compounds.…”

Section: Combined Foulantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Fouling – The Enemy of Forward Osmosis

Chang

Teow

Yeap

et al. 2021

AMST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forward osmosis (FO) is an osmotically driven membrane separation process. It is potentially applied in various industries for nutrient recovery and water reclamation. Although FO showed a lesser fouling tendency than other pressure-driven membrane processes, the solutes in the feed solution would still deposit on the membrane surface, forming a fouling layer that resists water permeation. For that reason, fouling mitigation is a trending issue in the FO process. A better understanding of the fouling mechanism is required before opting for the appropriate strategy to mitigate it. This article describes the fouling mechanism based on different foulant presented in the feed, followed by a method in relieving fouling in the FO process.

show abstract

“…Organic fouling is a critical issue for all types of filtration membranes, including microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), and forward osmosis (FO). Organic fouling results from the aggregation of organic materials such as proteins, sugar, humic-acid-like substances and polysaccharides on the membrane surface [ 13 , 14 ]. Proteins creating organic fouling are present in a high ratio in wastewater, which aggregate on the membrane surface due to hydrogen bonding between the molecules [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In membrane processes, a spacer is known to play a key role in the mitigation of membrane fouling. In this study, the effect of electric polarization on a graphene-blended polymer spacer (e.g., poly(lactic acid), PLA) for organic fouling on membrane surfaces was investigated. A pristine PLA spacer (P-S), a graphene-blended spacer (G-S), and an electrically polarized graphene-blended spacer (EG-S) were successfully fabricated by 3D printing. Organic fouling tests were conducted by the 5-h filtration of CaCl2 and a sodium alginate solution through commercially available membranes, which were placed together with the fabricated spacers. Membranes utilizing P-S, G-S, and EG-S were characterized in terms of the fouling amount on the membrane surface and fouling roughness. Electrostatic forces of EG-S provided 70% less and 90% smoother fouling on the membrane surface, leading to an only 14% less water flux reduction after 5 h of fouling. The importance of nanomaterial blending and polarization was successfully demonstrated herein.

show abstract

Organic Fouling in Forward Osmosis: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 170 publications

Application of Zwitterions in Forward Osmosis: A Short Review

Application of Zwitterions in Forward Osmosis: A Short Review

Membrane Fouling – The Enemy of Forward Osmosis

Electrically Polarized Graphene-Blended Spacers for Organic Fouling Reduction in Forward Osmosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About