Organic, elemental and water-soluble organic carbon in size segregated aerosols, in the marine boundary layer of the Eastern Mediterranean

Bougiatioti, A.; Zarmpas, Pavlos; Koulouri, E.; Αντωνίου, Μαρία; Theodosi, C.; Kouvarakis, Giorgos; Saarikoski, Sanna; Mäkelä, Timo; Hillamo, Risto; Mihalopoulos, N.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.09.071

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Figure 6 shows that the composition of submicron particulate matter was dominated by organic material (average concentration 1.9 ± 0.9 µg m −3 ) and sulfate including associated ammonium (1.8 ± 0.8 µg m −3 ) during our case study period, while nitrate and black carbon contributed a minor fraction of the aerosol (average concentration 0.13 ± 0.08 and 0.34 ± 0.15 µg m −3 , respectively). Long-term measurements at Finokalia are in line with this pattern (e.g., Lelieveld et al, 2002;Bougiatioti et al, 2013), suggesting that the relative abundances of sulfate and organic matter dictate to a large extent the hygroscopic and cloud-activating properties of submicron particles at Finokalia.…”

Section: Aerosol Chemical Composition Hygroscopicity and Ccn Activitymentioning

confidence: 50%

Atmospheric new particle formation as a source of CCN in the eastern Mediterranean marine boundary layer

et al. 2015

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Abstract. While cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) production associated with atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is thought to be frequent throughout the continental boundary layers, few studies on this phenomenon in marine air exist. Here, based on simultaneous measurement of particle number size distributions, CCN properties and aerosol chemical composition, we present the first direct evidence on CCN production resulting from NPF in the eastern Mediterranean atmosphere. We show that condensation of both gaseous sulfuric acid and organic compounds from multiple sources leads to the rapid growth of nucleated particles to CCN sizes in this environment during the summertime. Sub-100 nm particles were found to be substantially less hygroscopic than larger particles during the period with active NPF and growth (the value of κ was lower by 0.2-0.4 for 60 nm particles compared with 120 nm particles), probably due to enrichment of organic material in the sub-100 nm size range. The aerosol hygroscopicity tended to be at minimum just before the noon and at maximum in the afternoon, which was very likely due to the higher sulfate-to-organic ratios and higher degree of oxidation of the organic material during the afternoon. Simultaneous with the formation of new particles during daytime, particles formed during the previous day or even earlier were growing into the size range relevant to cloud droplet activation, and the particles formed in the atmosphere were possibly mixed with long-range-transported particles.

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Section: Aerosol Chemical Composition Hygroscopicity and Ccn Activitymentioning

confidence: 50%

Atmospheric new particle formation as a source of CCN in the eastern Mediterranean marine boundary layer

et al. 2015

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“…Several studies have quantified chemical composition of aerosol in the Mediterranean area during Saharan dust events (Querol et al, 2001, Gómez-Amo et al, 2011, Kocak et al, 2012, Öztürk et al, 2012Bougiatioti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition of Fine and Coarse Aerosol Particles in the Central Mediterranean Area during Dust and Non-Dust Conditions

Malaguti

Mircea

Torretta

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A two-month field campaign was carried out from May to June 2010 at a remote site (Trisaia ENEA Research Centre) in the Southern Italy aiming to identify and quantify the changes of aerosol chemical composition in the presence of Saharan dust. The 24-hr PM 10 and PM 2.5 filter samples were analyzed by mass, carbonaceous species, inorganic ions and elemental composition. Saharan dust transport events were identified with two approaches: one recommended by EC (2011) and one based on indicators derived from measurements. Three indicators were used: PM 2.5 /PM 10 mass concentrations ratio, Ca/Al ratio and Al concentration. Based on these criteria, four Saharan dust transport events were identified, but only one had elevated dust concentration and leaded to an exceedance of the European short-term (24 hour) limit value of 50 µg/m 3 for PM 10 (June 16 th ). The comparison of chemical composition of fine and coarse aerosol fractions during dust and non-dust conditions shows that the presence of dust increases NH 4 and nssSO 4 concentrations in the fine fraction and NO 3 and nssSO 4 concentrations in the coarse fraction. OC and EC concentrations also increase in the fine fraction during dust transport. The uptake of primary and secondary species, inorganic and organic, by dust particles changes their composition and, thus, their properties and this may have implications for human health and climate change.

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“…There was a strong correlation coefficient between OC and EC (r=0.88) with an OC/EC ratio around 5. Based on simple formula [OC secondary =OC tot −(OC primary / EC primary )×EC primary ], OC/EC=5, (Bougiatioti et al 2013 and references therein) 35 % of the organic carbon might be attributed to secondary organic aerosols. On the other hand, Kupiainen and Klimont (2004) estimated a ratio of 0.7 for fossil fuel sources in the "old" 15 EU countries, but a ratio of 1.2 for the new member states.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sea salt contribution was calculated from Na + concentration assuming that it had pure marine origin (Turekian 1976;Koçak et al 2007a (Putaud et al 2004;Lonati et al 2007) and rural (Bardouki et al 2003;Bougiatioti et al 2013) atmospheres to estimate particulate organic matter (POM) contributions to PM mass, respectively. Subsequently, POM mass was calculated by using mean value of OC and a factor of 1.8.…”

Section: Calculation Of Mass Closure and Air Mass Back Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

PM10 and PM2.5 composition over the Central Black Sea: origin and seasonal variability

Koçak

Mihalopoulos

Tutsak

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Daily PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected between April 2009 and July 2010 at a rural site (Sinop) situated on the coast of the Central Black Sea. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 23.2 ± 16.7 and 9.8 ± 6.9 μg m(-3), respectively. Coarse and fine filters were analyzed for Cl(-), NO3(-), SO4(2-), C2O4(2-), PO4(3-), Na(+), NH4(+), K(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+) by using ion chromatography. Elemental and organic carbon content in bulk quartz filters were also analyzed. The highest PM2.5 contribution to PM10 was found in summer with a value of 0.54 due to enhanced secondary aerosols in relation to photochemistry. Cl(-), Na(+), and Mg(2+) illustrated their higher concentrations and variability during winter. Chlorine depletion was chiefly attributed to nitrate. Higher nssCa(2+) concentrations were ascribed to episodic mineral dust intrusions from North Africa into the region. Crustal material (31%) and sea salt (13%) were found to be accounted for the majority of the PM10. The ionic mass (IM), particulate organic matter (POM), and elemental carbon (EC) explained 13, 20, and 3% of the PM10 mass, correspondingly. The IM, POM, and EC dominated the PM2.5 (~74%) mass. Regarding EU legislation, the exceeded PM2.5 values were found to be associated with secondary aerosols, with a particular dominance of POM. For the exceeded PM10 values, six of the events were dominated by dust while two and four of these exceedances were caused by sea salt and mix events, respectively.

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Organic, elemental and water-soluble organic carbon in size segregated aerosols, in the marine boundary layer of the Eastern Mediterranean

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

Atmospheric new particle formation as a source of CCN in the eastern Mediterranean marine boundary layer

Atmospheric new particle formation as a source of CCN in the eastern Mediterranean marine boundary layer

Chemical Composition of Fine and Coarse Aerosol Particles in the Central Mediterranean Area during Dust and Non-Dust Conditions

PM10 and PM2.5 composition over the Central Black Sea: origin and seasonal variability

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