Organic Contaminants and Interactions with Micro- and Nano-Plastics in the Aqueous Environment: Review of Analytical Methods

Reichel, Julia; Graßmann, Johanna; Knoop, Oliver; Drewes, Jörg E.; Letzel, Thomas

doi:10.3390/molecules26041164

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…As expected, this results in increased hydrophilicity at the same time as decreased sorption to organic molecules, such as humic acid, lysozyme, and alginate. As a general rule, we can expect that UV will increase the surface area and decrease the zeta potential of small plastics, also enhancing their adsorption capacity for some organic compounds by shifting the predominant π-π interactions to electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions [125].…”

Section: Effects Of Aging and Weathering Of Plastic Particles On The ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Impacts on Aquatic Species and Interactions with Environmental Factors and Pollutants

Trevisan

Ranasinghe

Jayasundara

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Plastic production began in the early 1900s and it has transformed our way of life. Despite the many advantages of plastics, a massive amount of plastic waste is generated each year, threatening the environment and human health. Because of their pervasiveness and potential for health consequences, small plastic residues produced by the breakdown of larger particles have recently received considerable attention. Plastic particles at the nanometer scale (nanoplastics) are more easily absorbed, ingested, or inhaled and translocated to other tissues and organs than larger particles. Nanoplastics can also be transferred through the food web and between generations, have an influence on cellular function and physiology, and increase infections and disease susceptibility. This review will focus on current research on the toxicity of nanoplastics to aquatic species, taking into account their interactive effects with complex environmental mixtures and multiple stressors. It intends to summarize the cellular and molecular effects of nanoplastics on aquatic species; discuss the carrier effect of nanoplastics in the presence of single or complex environmental pollutants, pathogens, and weathering/aging processes; and include environmental stressors, such as temperature, salinity, pH, organic matter, and food availability, as factors influencing nanoplastic toxicity. Microplastics studies were also included in the discussion when the data with NPs were limited. Finally, this review will address knowledge gaps and critical questions in plastics’ ecotoxicity to contribute to future research in the field.

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Section: Effects Of Aging and Weathering Of Plastic Particles On The ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Impacts on Aquatic Species and Interactions with Environmental Factors and Pollutants

Trevisan

Ranasinghe

Jayasundara

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…For instance, methanol seems not to be suitable for the extraction of DDE from polypropylene (PP) particles and others [ 15 ]. A comprehensive summary of current analytical approaches was summarized in a recent review [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Analytical Approach to Assessing Sorption of Trace Organic Compounds into Micro- and Nanoplastic Particles

et al. 2022

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Assessing the sorption of trace organic compounds (TOrCs) into micro- and nanoplastic particles has traditionally been performed using an aqueous phase analysis or solvent extractions from the particle. Using thermal extraction/desorption–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-Pyr-GC/MS) offers a possibility to analyze the TOrCs directly from the particle without a long sample preparation. In this study, a combination of two analytical methods is demonstrated. First, the aqueous phase is quantified for TOrC concentrations using Gerstel Twister® and TD-GC/MS. Subsequently, the TOrCs on the particles are analyzed. Different polymer types and sizes (polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), 48 µm; polyethylene (PE), 48 µm; polystyrene (PS), 41 µm; and PS, 78 nm) were analyzed for three selected TOrCs (phenanthrene, triclosan, and α-cypermethrin). The results revealed that, over a period of 48 h, the highest and fastest sorption occurred for PS 78 nm particles. This was confirmed with a theoretical calculation of the particle surface area. It was also shown for the first time that direct quantification of TOrCs from PS 78 nm nanoparticles is possible. Furthermore, in a mixed solute solution, the three selected TOrCs were sorbed onto the particles simultaneously.

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“… 18 − 20 For example, sorption levels of micropollutants onto MPs’ surfaces have been correlated with crystallinity and specific surface areas of MPs 21 as well as functional groups and hydrophobicity of both MPs and micropollutants. 22 − 25 The extent of overall deposition, retention, and transport of MPs in terrestrial systems 26 was found to be dependent on MP density, shape, and size. 27 MP toxicity, on the other hand, was found to change with MP size, specific surface area, and chemical composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Weathered MPsoften characterized by rough, oxidized surfaces and heterogeneous fibrous or fragmental morphologypose major environmental concerns due to their unknown fate and transport as well as their potential toxicity toward living organisms. Therefore, a massive research effort has been applied in recent years to MPs’ environmental implications throughout their life cycle, which have been found to be highly dependent on their physicochemical characteristics influenced by environmental weathering. − For example, sorption levels of micropollutants onto MPs’ surfaces have been correlated with crystallinity and specific surface areas of MPs as well as functional groups and hydrophobicity of both MPs and micropollutants. − The extent of overall deposition, retention, and transport of MPs in terrestrial systems was found to be dependent on MP density, shape, and size . MP toxicity, on the other hand, was found to change with MP size, specific surface area, and chemical composition …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Polystyrene-Based Microplastics of High Environmental Relevance

Sarkar

Rubin

Zucker

2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microplastic (MP) pollution—an emerging environmental challenge of the 21st century—refers to accumulation of environmentally weathered polymer-based particles with potential environmental and health risks. Because of technical and practical challenges when using environmental MPs for risk assessment, most available data are generated using plastic models of limited environmental relevancy (i.e., with physicochemical characteristics inherently different from those of environmental MPs). In this study, we assess the effect of dominant weathering conditions—including thermal, photo-, and mechanical degradation—on surface and bulk characteristics of polystyrene (PS)-based single-use products. Further, we augment the environmental relevance of model-enabled risk assessment through the design of engineered MPs. A set of optimized laboratory-based weathering conditions demonstrated a synergetic effect on the PS-based plastic, which was fragmented into millions of 1–3 μm MP particles in under 16 h. The physicochemical properties of these engineered MPs were compared to those of their environmental counterpart and PS microbeads often used as MP models. The engineered MPs exhibit high environmental relevance with rough and oxidized surfaces and a heterogeneous fragmented morphology. Our results suggest that this top-down synthesis protocol combining major weathering mechanisms can fabricate improved, realistic, and reproducible PS-based plastic models with high levels of control over the particles’ properties. Through increased environmental relevancy, our plastic model bolsters the field of risk assessment, enabling more reliable estimations of risk associated with an emerging pollutant of global concern.

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Organic Contaminants and Interactions with Micro- and Nano-Plastics in the Aqueous Environment: Review of Analytical Methods

Cited by 15 publications

References 121 publications

Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Impacts on Aquatic Species and Interactions with Environmental Factors and Pollutants

Nanoplastics in Aquatic Environments: Impacts on Aquatic Species and Interactions with Environmental Factors and Pollutants

A Novel Analytical Approach to Assessing Sorption of Trace Organic Compounds into Micro- and Nanoplastic Particles

Engineered Polystyrene-Based Microplastics of High Environmental Relevance

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