Organic compounds and suspension in snow-ice covers and soils in the vicinities of the Russian Antarctic stations

Немировская, И. А.; Кравчишина, М. Д.; Реджепова, З. Ю.

doi:10.15356/2076-6734-2015-4-114-126

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…To the greatest extent, the influence of terrigenous alkanes was characteristic for the snow of Geodezistov Lake (Figure 13, curve 6), where at the maximum AHC content (124 µg/L), the proportion of high molecular weight homologs reached 87%, and the CPI value was 6.63. Unusual distribution of SPM and OCs was found in the snow-ice cover of the Kitezh Lake at St. Bellingshausen [28]. The snow here contained a lot of SPM of mineral origin (due to weathering of soils unprotected by snow).…”

Section: Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Despite the relatively high concentration of Corg in SPM (61 μg/L), AHC concentrations remained low (5-7 μg/L), that is, other OCs were formed, not AHCs. Unusual distribution of SPM and OCs was found in the snow-ice cover of the Kitezh Lake at St. Bellingshausen [28]. The snow here contained a lot of SPM of mineral origin (due to weathering of soils unprotected by snow).…”

Section: Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In particular, in 2012, the maximum concentration of AHCs was determined at Novolazarevskaya Station in snow near Verkhnee Lake: 360 µg/L at the concentration of SPM equal to 0.78 mg/L. In contrast, the concentration of AHCs in snow on Stantsionnoe Lake were equal to 22 µg/L at the concentration SPM of 4.15 mg/L [28]. However, as well as in 2019, natural biogenic compounds with the maximum for n-C 17 dominated in the alkanes' composition in snow nearby the Verkhnee Lake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In the areas of oases, the concentrations of OC (except for chlorophyll a) and suspended matter in snow samples were several times higher than in other regions of the continent due to the input of particles blown out by strong winds from local soils [28]. The interannual variability of concentration of AHCs in the snow cover in the area of the Novolazarevskaya Station is associated with interannual variability of strong winds typical for the Schirmacher Oasis [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Compounds and Suspended Particulate Matter in Snow of High Latitude Areas (Arctic and Antarctic)

Nemirovskaya

Шевченко

2020

Atmosphere

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Long-term studies of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and organic compounds (OCs)—Corg, lipids, hydrocarbons (aliphatic—AHCs and polycyclic aromatic—PAHs), and chlorophyll a in the snow cover of the Arctic (Franz Victoria Trough, Mendeleev Rise, White Sea) and Antarctica (in the coastal waters on fast ice and on the mainland near Russian stations) were generalized. It was shown that in the Arctic, the influence of continental air masses leads to an increase in OCs in snow. Therefore, despite the fact that the Franz Victoria Trough and the Mendeleev Rise are at the same latitude (82° N), the OCs content in the snow in the region of the Mendeleev Rise was lower for aliphatic hydrocarbons 5 and 14–18 μg/L. In the White Sea, the AHC content in the snow and the upper layers of the ice in the mouth of the Severnaya Dvina River and in the Kandalaksha Bay was higher than that in the lower layers of the ice and sharply decreased with distance from the emission sources. As a result, the snow was supplied mainly by pyrogenic PAHs. In the Antarctica, the lowest OCs levels in atmosphere were found in areas where coastal hills are covered with snow. The maximum SPM and AHCs concentration was found in the sludge (SPM—to 4.37 mg/L, AHC—to 33 μg/L). An increase in the concentration of OCs and SPM in snow sampled on the continent took place in the areas of stations and oases (St. Novolazarevskaya) where the predominance of mineral particles in the SPM was registered. In the area of the operating stations, mainly low molecular weight PAHs with the dominance of petroleum PAHs were found in the SPM of snow and in mosses.

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Section: Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Antarcticmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Compounds and Suspended Particulate Matter in Snow of High Latitude Areas (Arctic and Antarctic)

Nemirovskaya

Шевченко

2020

Atmosphere

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“…Thus, several reasons suggest that the distribution of MPs particles can vary in space and time: (i) variability of external conditions during the ice formation (e.g., buoyancy fluxes in the underlying water column, freeze/thaw cycles, etc), (ii) complex vertical structure of ice (frazil versus columnar ice; water / snow / ice over-topping due to motion of floes or weather changes, etc), and (iii) temporal (multi-year, seasonal, diurnal) variability of MPs content due to brine/air migration processes within the ice. With so many sources of variability, it is quite expectable that the first observations of the MPs distribution within sea ice (Obbard et Still, there are some indications that there could be more MPs particles closer to air/ice and ice/water interfaces, as it is observed for, e.g., oil and biota (Nemirovskaya et al 2015). Firstly, some plastics are positively buoyant and float at the surface, and there is a mechanism, pushing them further up during freeze/thaw cycles.…”

Section: Sea Ice Structure and Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical processes behind interactions of microplastic particles with natural ice

Chubarenko

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

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Microplastic particles (MPs, <5 mm) are found in marine ice in larger quantities than in seawater, however, the distribution pattern within the ice cores is not consistent. To get insights into the most general physical processes behind interactions of ice and plastic particles in cool natural environments, information from academic and applied research is integrated and verified against available field observations. Non-polar molecules of common-market plastics are hydrophobic, so MPs are weak ice nucleators, are repelled from water and ice, and concentrate within air bubbles and brine channels. A large difference in thermal properties of ice and plastics favours concentration of MPs at the ice surface during freeze/thaw cycles. Under low environmental temperatures, falling in polar regions below the glass / brittle-ductile transition temperatures of the common-use plastics, they become brittle. This might partially explain the absence of floating macroplastics in polar waters. Freshwater freezes at the temperature well below that of its maximum density, so the water column is stably stratified, and MPs eventually concentrate at the ice surface and in air bubbles. In contrast, below growing sea ice, mechanisms of suspension freezing under conditions of (thermal plus haline) convection should permanently entangle MPs into ice. During further sea ice growth and aging, MPs are repelled from water and ice into air bubbles, brine channels, and to the upper/lower boundaries of the ice column. Sea ice permeability, especially while melting periods, can re-distribute sub-millimeter MPs through the brine channels, thus potentially introducing the variability of contamination with time. In accord with field observations, analysis reveals several competing factors that influence the distribution of MPs in sea ice. A thorough sampling of the upper ice surface, prevention of brine leakage while sampling and handling, considering the ice structure while segmenting the ice core – these steps may be advantageous for further understanding the pattern of plastic contamination in natural ice.

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Hydrochemical composition of glacial lakes on inshore Russian Antarctic stations

et al. 2020

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Organic compounds and suspension in snow-ice covers and soils in the vicinities of the Russian Antarctic stations

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Organic Compounds and Suspended Particulate Matter in Snow of High Latitude Areas (Arctic and Antarctic)

Organic Compounds and Suspended Particulate Matter in Snow of High Latitude Areas (Arctic and Antarctic)

Physical processes behind interactions of microplastic particles with natural ice

Hydrochemical composition of glacial lakes on inshore Russian Antarctic stations

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