Organic Carbon in Arctic Ocean Sediments: Sources, Variability, Burial, and Paleoenvironmental Significance

Stein, Ruediger; Macdonald, R. W.; Naidu, A. S.; Yunker, Mark B.; Gobeil, Charles; Cooper, Lee W.; Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.; Whitledge, Terry E.; Hameedi, M. Jawed; Petrova, V. I.; Batova, G.I.; Zinchenko, Anna G.; Kursheva, Anna; Narkevskiy, E. V.; Fahl, K.; Vetrov, A. A.; Romankevich, E. A.; Birgel, Daniel; Schubert, Carsten J.; Harvey, H. Rodger; Weiel, Dominik

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18912-8_7

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Implicit in these estimates is the assertion that unlike the traditional model of open ocean carbon dynamics where inputs are largely marine-derived and rapidly recycled, the abundant terrestrial organic carbon delivered to Arctic sediments is sequestered over much longer timescales. Few estimates of the differences in remineralization rates between marine versus terrestrial organic substrates exist for Arctic regions, but generalized pan-Arctic carbon cycle box models suggest marine organic matter on Arctic shelves is oxidized up to 70 times faster than shelf terrestrial organic matter (Stein and Macdonald, 2004a). The difference in recycling between marine and terrestrial sources and its implications for the rate of carbon turnover in sediments necessitate improved quantitative evaluations of preserved vascular plant, soil, water column phytoplankton, and sea-ice algae components in modern and historical Arctic sediments for modeling of the Arctic carbon cycle.…”

Section: Implications For Arctic Organic Carbon Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coastal erosion also provides a significant quantity of terrestrial carbon to the Arctic, estimated in some locations to be greater than the delivery from rivers (Rachold et al, 2004). Local and regional carbon budgets are being developed for the Arctic (Macdonald et al, 1998;Stein and Macdonald, 2004a); yet estimates of organic carbon reservoirs in the water column and sediments are lacking in many Arctic locations. The marine organic carbon component is better constrained, as primary productivity and microbial respiration have been measured over the wide continental shelves of the Arctic Gosselin et al, 1997;Arnosti et al, 2005;Bates et al, 2005a;Hill and Cota, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets

Belicka

Harvey

2009

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Section: Implications For Arctic Organic Carbon Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets

Belicka

Harvey

2009

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…These data contradict the traditional approach of conservative behavior of DOC in mixing zones, in which the concentration of DOC decreases due to dilution of river water by sea water. Increased values of DOC in this case were explained by researchers as experimental uncertainty [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Sharp changes in properties of aqueous sodium chloride solution at “critical” concentrations of the salt

2020

Biointerface Res Appl Chem

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It was shown that some physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride (contact angle, surface tension, pH, and others) demonstrate a nonlinear dependence on the salt concentration. The maxima or minima in the graphs are most frequently observed near the concentrations of NaCl we call "critical": 3, 5, 7, 12, 17, and 21 g/L. Similar nonlinear peak-shape dependence of the property on salinity was observed in more complex systems containing NaCl (sedimentation rate of mineral suspensions, viscosity of clay pastes, rate of a redox reaction of periodate with amine). We hypothesized that the said critical points of salt concentration may exist when the clusters of water molecules rearrange themselves upon the addition of a definite quantity of salt. The obtained results were used in the discussion of avalanche sedimentation of suspended particulate matter and colloids transported by rivers through the river mixing zones (estuary, delta) and the critical salinity under which the river biota gives place to marine biota.

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“…Following Davie and Buffett [], α ( y ) is a decreasing exponential function which depends on the total organic carbon (TOC) at the surface and its labile fraction. At the Beaufort Sea Shelf, TOC = 1.2% of which 35% is labile [ Pelletier , ; Stein et al , ].…”

Section: Numerical Model Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine groundwater discharge as a possible formation mechanism for permafrost‐associated gas hydrate on the circum‐Arctic continental shelf

Frederick

Buffett

2016

JGR Solid Earth

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Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a large‐scale, buoyancy‐driven, offshore flow of terrestrial groundwater. If SGD occurs within the permafrost‐bearing sediments of the circum‐Arctic shelf, such fluid circulation may transport large amounts of dissolved methane to the circum‐Arctic shelf, aiding the formation of permafrost‐associated gas hydrate. We investigate the feasibility of this new permafrost‐associated gas hydrate formation mechanism with a 2‐D, multiphase fluid flow model, using the Canadian Beaufort Shelf as an example. The numerical model includes freeze/thaw permafrost processes and predicts the unsteady, 2‐D methane solubility field for hydrate inventory calculations. Model results show that widespread, low‐saturation hydrate deposits accumulate within and below submarine permafrost, even if offshore‐flowing groundwater is undersaturated in methane gas. While intrapermafrost hydrate inventory varies widely depending on permafrost extent, subpermafrost hydrate stability remains largely intact across consecutive glacial cycles, allowing widespread subpermafrost accumulation over time. Methane gas escape to the sediment surface (atmosphere) is predicted along the seaward permafrost boundary during the early to middle years of each glacial epoch; however, if free gas is trapped within the forming permafrost layer instead, venting may be delayed until ocean transgression deepens the permafrost table during interglacial periods, and may be related to the spatial distribution of observed pingo‐like features (PLFs) on the Canadian Beaufort Shelf. Shallow, gas‐charged sediments are predicted above the gas hydrate stability zone at the midshelf to shelf edge and the upper slope, where a gap in hydrate stability allows free gas to accumulate and numerous PLFs have been observed.

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Organic Carbon in Arctic Ocean Sediments: Sources, Variability, Burial, and Paleoenvironmental Significance

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets

The sequestration of terrestrial organic carbon in Arctic Ocean sediments: A comparison of methods and implications for regional carbon budgets

Sharp changes in properties of aqueous sodium chloride solution at “critical” concentrations of the salt

Submarine groundwater discharge as a possible formation mechanism for permafrost‐associated gas hydrate on the circum‐Arctic continental shelf

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