Organic carbon enrichment in sediments: Effects of rainfall characteristics under different land uses in a Mediterranean area

Martínez-Mena, María; López, Juan Jorge Piernas; Almagro, María; Albaladejo, J.; Castillo, V.; Ortíz, R.; Boix‐Fayos, Carolina

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2011.02.005

Cited by 86 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Meanwhile, for CT erosion (< 6 Mg ha -1 ) and OC losses (< 80 kg ha -1 ) were higher than in CC, also with a high R 2 of 0.83. It is worth highlighting the huge erosion and OM losses measured with some rainfall events under the CT system, which is very common in this region and these crops (Martínez-Mena et al, 2012). Table 4 shows the average annual accumulated erosion and OC loss over four seasons, as well as the decrease caused by CA compared to CT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Márquez‐García

González-Sánchez

García

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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The olive tree is one of the most important crops in Spain, and the main one in the region of Andalusia. Most orchards are rain-fed, with high slopes where conventional tillage (CT) is the primary soil management system used. These conditions lead to high erosion and a significant transport of organic carbon (OC). Moreover, soil tillage accelerates the oxidation of the OC. Cover crops (CC) are the conservation agriculture (CA) approach for woody crops. They are grown in-between tree rows to protect the soil against water erosion and their organic residues also help to increase the soil carbon (C) sink. Soil and OC losses associated to the sediment were measured over four seasons (2003-07) using micro-plots for the collection of runoff and sediment in five experimental fields located in rain-fed olive orchards in Andalusia. Two soil management systems were followed, CC and CT. Furthermore, the changes in soil C in both systems were analyzed at a depth of 0-25 cm. CC reduced erosion by 80.5%, and also OC transport by 67.7%. In addition, CC increased soil C sink by 12.3 Mg ha -1 year -1 of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) equivalent, with respect to CT. Cover crops in rainfed olive orchards in a Mediterranean climate could be an environmental friendly and profitable system for reducing erosion and increasing the soil C sink. However, C fixing rate is not regular, being very high for the initial years after shifting from CT to CC and gradually decreasing over time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Márquez‐García

González-Sánchez

García

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…Yet, sediments derived from deep soil layers not only have lower OC concentration but also different OC pool composition (Nadeu et al, 2011) and different turnover rates (Nadeu et al, 2012) than those derived from topsoil. Differences in OC pools between sediment deposits can also be the result of transport conditions due to higher or lower rainfall intensity (Martínez-Mena et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2013) or to the discharge. Smith et al (2013) related high discharge rates with transport of modern C, associated with erosion and the release of organic matter (Sanchez-Vidal et al, 2013), and C from vascular sources (Goñi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Size Selectivity and Sources Of Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of OC transport from erosion sites to depositional settings implies the consideration of a large number of factors and processes taking place. Several studies have described the impact of variation of transport and deposition of different OC size fractions and the role of OC mineralisation, as well as the breakdown of soil aggregates or re-aggregation at depositional sites (Wang et al, 2010;Van Hemelryck et al, 2011;Martínez-Mena et al, 2012), and the contribution of new OC formation from vegetation at depositional settings. Altogether, these factors are considered responsible for the transformations undergone by OC from source to sink.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment flow paths and associated organic carbon dynamics across a Mediterranean catchment

Boix‐Fayos

Nadeu

Quiñonero

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Terrestrial sedimentation buries large amounts of organic carbon (OC) annually, contributing to the terrestrial carbon sink. The temporal significance of this sink will strongly depend on the attributes of the depositional environment, but also on the characteristics of the OC reaching these sites and its stability upon deposition. The goal of this study was to characterise the OC during transport and stored in the depositional settings of a mediumsized catchment (111 km 2 ) in SE Spain, to better understand how soil erosion and sediment transport processes determine catchment-scale OC redistribution. Total organic carbon (TOC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (N) and particle size distributions were determined for soils (i), suspended sediments (ii) and sediments stored in a variety of sinks such as sediment wedges behind check dams (iii), channel bars (iv), a small delta in the conjunction of the channel and a reservoir downstream (v), and the reservoir at the outlet of the catchment (vi). The data show that the OC content of sediments was approximately half of that in soils (9.42 ± 9.01 g kg −1 versus 20.45 ± 7.71 g kg −1 , respectively) with important variation between sediment deposits. Selectivity of mineral and organic material during transport and deposition increased in a downstream direction. The mineralisation, burial or in situ incorporation of OC in deposited sediments depended on their transport processes and on their post-sedimentary conditions. Upstream sediments (alluvial wedges) showed low OC contents because they were partially mobilised by non-selective erosion processes affecting deeper soil layers and with low selectivity of grain sizes (e.g. gully and bank erosion). We hypothesise that the relatively short transport distances, the effective preservation of OC in microaggregates and the burial of sediments in the alluvial wedges gave rise to low OC mineralisation, as is arguably indicated by C : N ratios similar to those in soils. Deposits in middle stream areas (fluvial bars) were enriched in sand, selected upon deposition and had low OC concentrations. Downstream, sediment transported over longer distances was more selected, poorly microaggregated, and with a prevalence of silt and clay fractions and MOC pool. Overall, the study shows that OC redistribution in the studied catchment is highly complex, and that the results obtained at finer scales cannot be extrapolated at catchment scale. Selectivity of particles during detachment and transport, and protection of OC during transport and deposition are key for the concentration and quality of OC found at different depositional settings. Hence, eco-geomorphological processes during the different phases of the erosion cycle have important consequences for the temporal stability and preservation of the buried OC and in turn for the OC budget.

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“…En consecuencia, hace incrementar la capacidad de retención de agua en el suelo (Brady, 1984), al tiempo que disminuye la escorrentía y el riesgo de erosión (Van Beers, 1980). A su vez, los procesos erosivos afectan directamente a la movilización de stocks de carbono en el suelo (Martínez-Mena et al, 2012;Nadeu et al, 2012;Boix-Fayos et al, 2015), cuya incidencia en el cambio climático global ha sido ampliamente reseñada (Albaladejo et al, 2013). También resulta especialmente relevante el comportamiento del carbono orgánico (CO), asociado a la MOS, en relación con su manejo y tratamiento, y con su influencia en los servicios ecosistémicos (MEA, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efectos de las variables ambientales en la estimación de materia orgánica del suelo a escala regional en un ambiente semiarido (Región de Murcia, España)

Pérez‐Cutillas¹,

Barberá²,

García³

2017

BAGE

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RESUMENLa estimación de valores edáficos mediante el empleo de técnicas de modelización espacial, basada en procesos y variables ambientales, es utilizada en este trabajo para analizar el efecto que tienen estas variables sobre la materia orgánica del suelo (MOS). La discusión es enormemente interesante por las conclusiones que se pueden extraer de las distintas implicaciones que ejercen los patrones ecológicos en su distribución y variabilidad espacial. En este estudio se ha utilizado una base de datos de 1126 muestras de materia orgánica en capa arable del suelo en la Región de Murcia (SE de España), con el fin de estimar el contenido de la MOS a escala regional (más de 10000 km 2 ) mediante el uso de 21 variables ambientales como predictores. Entre las variables más influyentes destacan las asociadas al relieve (i.e. la pendiente, las curvaturas del terreno), la acumulación de flujo vinculada a las redes de drenaje, la precipitación, la radicación solar y ciertos índices específicos obtenidos mediante técnicas de teledetección, como el NDVI o el Índice Mineralógico de Arcillas CMI.Palabras clave: Propiedades del suelo, materia orgánica del suelo, modelización, SIG, variables ambientales, teledetección.Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles N.º 75 -2017, págs. 175-191 I.S.S.N.: 0212-9426

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Organic carbon enrichment in sediments: Effects of rainfall characteristics under different land uses in a Mediterranean area

Cited by 86 publications

References 40 publications

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Improvement of soil carbon sink by cover crops in olive orchards under semiarid conditions. Influence of the type of soil and weed

Sediment flow paths and associated organic carbon dynamics across a Mediterranean catchment

Efectos de las variables ambientales en la estimación de materia orgánica del suelo a escala regional en un ambiente semiarido (Región de Murcia, España)

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