Organic carbon balance in Chilean volcanic soils after human intrusion and under different management practices

Heredia, Wendy; Peirano, P.; Borie, Gilda; Zunino, Hugo Marcelo; Aguilera, M.

doi:10.1080/09064710601029125

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…At a global scale, the SOM contents of agroecosystems are about 42% lower than in native forests (Guo and Gifford 2002). Our agricultural soils showed a lower TC (-47 to -51%) and TN (-34 to -42%) concentration than the pristine forest soils, which is in agreement with previous studies in south Chilean Andisols (Borie et al 2002;Heredia et al 2007). Notwithstanding the lower soil C and N concentrations relative to forests, the soil C (7.6-8.3%) and N (0.64-0.73%) in our agro-ecosystems are still located at the upper-end of worldwide topsoil SOM concentrations across agro-ecosystems, grasslands and forest ecosystems (Booth et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Land use and vegetation have the potential to alter the SOM quality in volcanic soils Verde et al 2008; but see Nierop et al 2005Nierop et al , 2007 for contrasting results). Borie et al (2002) and Heredia et al (2007) indicated that the internal balance of C and N associated with labile and stable SOM fractions was largely similar between land use classes in south Chilean volcanic soils. A clear difference in microbial community composition was observed between the agro-ecosystems and forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Borie et al (2002) and Heredia et al (2007) indicated that the contribution of different SOM fractions (humin, humic acids, fulvic acids, low molecular organic molecules) to total SOM varied only to a small extent across a wide range of volcanic soil series and land-use classes. In their study, topsoil N varied between 0.54 and 1.16%, but low molecular organic molecules only made up a small percentage of total SOM (\20%, Borie et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial nitrogen dynamics in south central Chilean agricultural and forest ecosystems located on an Andisol

Huygens

Roobroeck

Cosyn

et al. 2010

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The natural soil N supply in volcanic soils (Andisols) can be a significant source of plant-available N for agro-ecosystems. Nevertheless, intensive farming systems in south Chile apply high fertilization rates, which lead to high production costs and involve a risk for adverse ecosystem effects. In order to achieve sustainable land management, a better understanding of the processes that govern soil N availability and loss, and their external drivers, is required. In this study, we selected a winter-cropland, a summer crop-winter fallow rotation, and a forest, used as a reference ecosystem. Gross N transformations ((15)N isotope dilution) and microbial community structure (phospho-lipid fatty acid analysis) in the topsoil were determined. Gross N mineralization was about ten times lower in the agro-ecosystems than in the forest, while gross nitrification was low in all sites. Gross N immobilization equalized or exceeded the gross inorganic N production in all sites. Microbial biomass was 3-5 times more abundant in the forest than in the agro-ecosystems. A positive relationship between the ratio fungi/bacteria and total microbial biomass was observed in these Andisols. We suggest that the reduction in fungal biomass induced a lower extracellular enzyme production and limited soil organic matter depolymerisation in the agro-ecosystems. We conclude that soil N cycling was unable to provide a significant N input for the croplands, but also the risk for ecosystem N losses was low, even under fallow soil conditions. Current fertilization practices appropriately anticipated the soil N cycling processes, but further research should indicate the potential of alternative land management to reduce fertilizer cost

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microbial nitrogen dynamics in south central Chilean agricultural and forest ecosystems located on an Andisol

Huygens

Roobroeck

Cosyn

et al. 2010

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…These humic compounds of high molecular weight are relatively recalcitrant forming complex structures linked to polyvalent metals (like Al and Fe) or soil minerals. These types of organic compounds are very important in organic soils, such as Andisols from Southern Chile, where the bulk of organic carbon is constituted by humic substances (Aguilera et al, 2002) and where Al and Fe have high activity (Heredia et al, 2007). Persistent agents have a long effect on microaggregate dynamics but their role on the long C residence time in microaggregation is not understood yet (Gale et al, 2000a(Gale et al, , 2000b.…”

Section: Mycorrhizae and Soil Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae in Agricultural and Forest Ecosystems in Chile

Borie

Rubio

Morales

et al. 2010

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association plays a key role in the sustainability of terrestrial plant ecosystems, in particular those presenting limitations for the establishment and subsequent growth of plants. In Chile, more than 50% of arable soils are originated from volcanic ashes, showing in general several constraints to crop production, such as low pH, high exchangeable aluminum content and low levels of available P. Under these conditions, the management of AM fungal propagules using adequate cultural management practices emerges as a successful alternative in order to maximize the positive effects of AM symbiosis on plant growth in these types of soil. This review presents the results of several years of research about the effect of different agronomic and forest management practices on the density and functionality of the native fungal populations in volcanic soils from Southern Chile, and their subsequent effect on the improvement of soil characteristics. These investigations have contributed to a better understanding of the role played by AM symbiosis in such soils and provide guidance on the most appropriate alternatives to increase its presence and functionality.

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“…Heredia et al (2007) found that soils under native forest showed higher OM level than agricultural soils. They found that in agricultural soils the soluble C or labile C is increased and contributes greatly to the solubilisation, mobility and availability of plant nutrients, but also enhances losses of organic C by lixiviation.…”

Section: Soil Biological Degradationmentioning

confidence: 96%