Organic Carbon and Dissolved Oxygen Budgets for a Commercial‐Size, In‐pond Raceway System

Abstract

Intensive production of ictalurid catfish in the USA has increased over the past several years, and a better understanding of the amount of organic carbon (OC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) in these culture environments is needed. Budgets for OC and DO were estimated over a production season (March to November) for an in‐pond raceway system for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and hybrid catfish (channel catfish × blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus), with co‐culture of paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Feed input ranged from 45 to 263 kg/ha/d with an overall average of 80 kg/ha/d. Production of each kilogram of live catfish required 1.5 kg of feed and released into the water 0.70 kg of OC, and led to the synthesis of an additional 3.36 kg of OC by photosynthesis. Consequently, production of 1 kg of live catfish resulted in 4.06 kg OC, and harvest of catfish accounted for only 29.5% of OC applied from the feed. Removal of OC increased to 34.3% with the additional harvest of paddlefish and tilapia. OC was consumed in respiration, and some OC accumulated in sediment. Total respiration within the system exceeded the DO produced by photosynthesis, while diffusion and mechanical aeration aided in maintaining suitable DO levels for fish production.

Physiological Behavior of the Aquatic Plant Azolla sp. in Response to Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers

“…A lower value of dissolved oxygen was recorded with the organic treatment. This could be attributed to the lower dissolved oxygen content of the ponds with dense cover of floating plants than those with less cover of floating plants, which explains the increase in dissolved oxygen in the control compared with organic and inorganic treatment groups [ 47 ].…”

Analysis of Pond Revitalization and Land Suitability for Vaname Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Milk Fish Cultivation Tradisonally Policultural: A Case Study in Muara Kintap Village, Kintap District, Tanah Regency

“…Fluctuations in water quality parameters are dynamic, one of which is influenced by input factors and aquaculture waste. Waste from aquaculture inputs will increase as vannamei shrimp biomass increases and the age of vannamei shrimp culture increases [1].…”

“…This condition is also influenced by erratic weather, causing fluctuations in water quality in ponds in the Kintap District. Waste from aquaculture inputs will increase with increasing shrimp biomass and shrimp culture age (Culberson and Piedrahita, 1996) [1]. So, to go through the desired shrimp farming cycle.…”