Organic acids associated with saccharification of cellulosic wastes during solid-state fermentation

Abstract

Saccharification of five cellulosic wastes, i.e. rice husks, wheat bran, corn cobs, wheat straw and rice straw by three cellulytic fungi, i.e. Aspergillus glaums MN1, Aspergillus oryzae MN2 and Penicillium purpurogenum MN3, during solid-state fermentation (SSF) was laboratory studied. Rice husks, wheat bran, and corn cobs were selected as inducers of glucose production in the tested fungi. An incubation interval of 10 days was optimal for glucose production. Maximal activities of the cellulases FP-ase, CMC-ase, and p-glucosidase were detected during SSF of rice husks by P. purpurogenum; however, a-amylase activity (7.2 U/g) was comparatively reduced. Meanwhile, the productivities of FP-ase, CMC-ase, and β-glucosidase were high during SSF of rice husks by A glaucus; however, they decreased during SSF of corn cobs by P. purpurogenum. Addition of rock phosphate (RP) (75 mg P(2)O(5)) decreased the pH of SSF media. (NH(4))(2)SO(4) was found to be less inducer of cellulytic enzymes, during SSF of rice husks by A. glaucus or A. oryzae; it also induced phytase production and solubilization of RP. The organic acids associated with saccharification of the wastes studied have also been investigated. The highest concentration of levulinic acid was detected (46.15 mg/g) during SSF of corn cobs by P. purpurogenum. Likewise, oxalic acid concentration was 43.20 mg/g during SSF of rice husks by P. purpurogenum.

Influence of fungal low molecular weight organic acids on extraction and speciation of runoff particulate‐associated phosphorus: Implications for nonpoint phosphorus recovery and beneficial reuse

“…On the other hand, organic P fractions consisted mainly of phosphate monoester and diester compounds, polyphosphates, and pyrophosphates [15]. PSF have been utilized to enhance solubilization of apatites in phosphate rock-based fertilizer [16][17][18]; induce phosphate desorption from surfaces of soil minerals such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, goethite, and allophane [19] and from different types of soils (i.e., spodosols, andisols, etc.) [20]; and mineralize phytic acid (i.e., inositol hexaphosphate)-a common organic P substance found in soils [21].…”

Water from Cooked Beans as Substrate for Some Heterotrophic Organisms: Case Study of Moulds

“…The studies of William et al [19] make clearer the understanding of such phenomenon by precising that the whitish coloration is common to Aspergillus candidatus, the reddish coloration is common to Aspergillus ochraceus, the tanned coloration is common to Aspergillus niger and the greenish coloration is common to Aspergillus glaucus and Aspergillus flavus. The results obtained by El-Naggar and El-Hersh [27] provide elements useful in the characterization of those organisms as heterotrophic plants with thallium as their vegetative apparatus. Restino [16] completed the characterization of those individuals by considering them as microscopic organisms; in that point of view, the speed of invasion calculated here (3,17cm2/H) can be considered as very high.…”

Solid-State Fermentation as a Novel Paradigm for Organic Waste Valorization: A Review

“…El-Naggar et al [154] investigated five cellulosic wastes included rice husks, wheat bran, corn cobs, wheat straw, and rice straw by A. glaucus, A. oryzae, and Penicillium purpurogenum. Through SSF, the production of high concentrations of levulinic acid (46.15 mg·g −1 ) on corn cobs and oxalic acid (43.20 mg·g −1 ) on rice husks by P. purpurogenum were studied.…”