Organ Trafficking for Live Donor Kidney Transplantation in Indoasians Resident in the West Midlands: High Activity and Poor Outcomes

Krishnan, Nithya; Cockwell, Paul; Devulapally, Pavan; Gerber, B.; Hanvesakul, Raj; Higgins, Robert; Ready, Andrew; Carmichael, Paul L.; Tomlinson, K.; Kumar, Shiv; Baharani, Jyoti; Dasgupta, Indranil

doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3181da6019

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The families of paid donors are often worse off than before the donation [36,[38][39][40]. Likewise recipients of organs from paid donors tend to do less well, with more rejections, more infections and higher mortality [36,39,[41][42][43]. Countries reporting the results of paid living donors include the Philippines, Pakistan, Iran, India and China [3,[35][36][37]39,[44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Strategies That Have Not Increased Living Donationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to increase living donation

Davis¹

2011

Transplant International

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Summary Living donation is the key to increasing access to successful solid organ transplantation worldwide. However, the means to expanding the number of living donors on a global scale are not known. Although there have been many suggestions for the best approach, cultural issues may limit the effectiveness of some strategies. Only a few ideas have been studied, and one in particular– outright payment to donors – may raise ethical issues that are difficult to surmount and might negatively alter altruistic behavior. With respect to the present environment, this article will describe some of the approaches that are being discussed to increase the number of living donors, with a particular focus on kidney transplantation.

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Section: Strategies That Have Not Increased Living Donationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to increase living donation

Davis¹

2011

Transplant International

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“…Living donors who participate in these unregulated markets are often poorly informed about the procedure, deprived of appropriate screening and of quality postoperative and continuing medical care, and not compensated as agreed upon (6)(7)(8)(9). At the same time, because of limited donor screening, some recipients have developed serious infections transmitted by the donor organ; others have received little postoperative care or immunosuppressive treatment and have returned to their native country with active rejection and no knowledge of which immunosuppressive medications they were given (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Often, the medical and surgical details have not been sent with them, so that their home transplant center has tremendous difficulty with continuation of care.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incentives for Organ Donation: Proposed Standards for an Internationally Acceptable System

Matas¹,

Satel²,

Munn³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Transplantation

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Incentives for organ donation, currently prohibited in most countries, may increase donation and save lives. Discussion of incentives has focused on two areas: (1) whether or not there are ethical principles that justify the current prohibition and (2) whether incentives would do more good than harm. We herein address the second concern and propose for discussion standards and guidelines for an acceptable system of incentives for donation. We believe that if systems based on these guidelines were developed, harms would be no greater than those to today’s conventional donors. Ultimately, until there are trials of incentives, the question of benefits and harms cannot be satisfactorily answered.

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“…Also unknown are statistics on donor and recipient outcomes after such transplants. In these unregulated, underground markets, prospective donors are often poorly informed, inadequately screened, not allowed to change their minds, given little postdonation care and no follow-up, and are often not even rewarded with the incentive that was promised [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In general, reports from the countries that have underground markets indicate that many donors regret their participation; unknown is whether or not any donors from the same countries feel that they benefited.…”

Section: Unregulated Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, some countries have maximized (or nearly maximized) both living and deceased donation -and still have a significant shortage. A consequence of the organ shortage is that unregulated, underground markets for donation have developed in many countries (over many continents) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rationale for Incentives for Living Donors: An International Perspective?

Matas

2015

Curr Transpl Rep

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The organ shortage has become a crisis for transplant candidates with end-stage renal disease, and a significant number of them either die while waiting or become too sick to transplant. A consequence, worldwide, has been the development of unregulated markets for donation; these markets have been associated with poor outcomes for both donors and recipients. In contrast, a regulated system of incentives might increase donation rates while also providing a benefit to donors. Criteria for an acceptable system have been proposed: protection of the donor and recipient, regulation, transparency, and oversight. Many of the concerns about the implications and impact of such a system could be answered with a clinical trial in a country (or countries) that can meet the described standards. Yet the debate about the advisability of developing such a system continues, even as the waiting lists grow and candidates die while waiting.

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Organ Trafficking for Live Donor Kidney Transplantation in Indoasians Resident in the West Midlands: High Activity and Poor Outcomes

Abstract: IA patients who choose to travel overseas for kidney transplantation have poor clinical outcomes and should be counseled accordingly.

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

How to increase living donation

How to increase living donation

Incentives for Organ Donation: Proposed Standards for an Internationally Acceptable System

The Rationale for Incentives for Living Donors: An International Perspective?

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