Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection

Gavriatopoulou, Maria; Korompoki, Eleni; Fotiou, Despina; Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos, Ioannis; Ψαλτοπούλου, Θεοδώρα; Kastritis, Efstathios; Terpos, Evangelos; Dimopoulos, Meletios A.

doi:10.1007/s10238-020-00648-x

Cited by 393 publications

(380 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Both were under-expressed in COVID-19 at baseline (β<-1.19, P<2x10 -7 ) but increased significantly during follow up (β>1.1, P<3x10 -5 ). These findings support the observation of multi-organ complications reported in previous clinical studies 4,7,36 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing biomarkers for COVID-19 disease with commonly associated preexisting conditions and complications

Huang

2020

Preprint

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Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with certain preexisting health conditions and can cause respiratory failure along with other multi-organ injuries. However, the mechanism of these relationships is unclear, and prognostic biomarkers for the disease and its systemic complications are lacking. This study aims to examine the plasma protein profile of COVID-19 patients and evaluate overlapping protein modules with biomarkers of common comorbidities. Blood samples were collected from COVID-19 cases (n=307) and negative controls (n=78) among patients with acute respiratory distress. Proteins were measured by proximity extension assay utilizing next-generation sequencing technology. Its associations to COVID-19 disease characteristics were compared to that of preexisting conditions and established biomarkers for myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and chronic kidney disease. Several proteins were differentially expressed in COVID-19, including multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma, CXCL10, and CCL7/MCP-3. Elevated IL-6 was associated with increased severity, while baseline IL1RL1/ST2 levels were associated with a worse prognosis. Network analysis identified several protein modules associated with COVID-19 disease characteristics overlapping with processes of preexisting hypertension and impaired kidney function. BNP and NTpro-BNP, markers for MI and stroke, increased with disease progression and were positively associated with severity. MMP12 was similarly elevated and has been previously linked to smoking and inflammation in emphysema, along with increased cardiovascular disease risk. In conclusion, this study provides an overview of the systemic effects of COVID-19 and candidate biomarkers for clinical assessment of disease progression and the risk of systemic complications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparing biomarkers for COVID-19 disease with commonly associated preexisting conditions and complications

Huang

2020

Preprint

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“…Thus, as of august 21st, 2020, over 21 million confirmed cases and over 760,000 deaths have been reported worldwide (2). although coVid-19 is asymptomatic or mild in most cases and manifests primarily as a lower respiratory tract infection which is transmitted mainly via air droplets (3), emerging evidence indicates that SarS-coV-2 can also invade and attack the central nervous system (cnS) leading to a wide repertoire of neurological symptoms and complications (4)(5)(6)(7). As such, increasing research focus has been placed on identifying the mediators that facilitate the SarS-coV-2 infection in different human organs/tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropilin‑1 as a new potential SARS‑CoV‑2 infection mediator implicated in the neurologic features and central nervous system involvement of COVID‑19

et al. 2020

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infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SarS) coronavirus-2 (SarS-coV-2) is the cause of the new viral infectious disease (coronavirus disease 2019; coVid-19). emerging evidence indicates that coVid-19 may be associated with a wide spectrum of neurological symptoms and complications with central nervous system (cnS) involvement. it is now well-established that entry of SarS-coV-2 into host cells is facilitated by its spike proteins mainly through binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace-2). Preclinical studies have suggested that neuropilin-1 (nrP1), which is a transmembrane receptor that lacks a cytosolic protein kinase domain and exhibits high expression in the respiratory and olfactory epithelium, may also be implicated in coVid-19 by enhancing the entry of SarS-coV-2 into the brain through the olfactory epithelium. in the present study, we expand on these findings and demonstrate that the NRP1 is also expressed in the cnS, including olfactory-related regions such as the olfactory tubercles and paraolfactory gyri. This furthers supports the potential role of nrP1 as an additional SarS-coV-2 infection mediator implicated in the neurologic manifestations of coVid-19. accordingly, the neurotropism of SarS-coV-2 via nrP1-expressing cells in the cnS merits further investigation.

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“…In this line, the development of ageusia/anosmia, pneumonia and cutaneous manifestations highly correlate with IgG seroprevalence, ranging between almost 80% and more than 60% when any of these symptoms appears. This data indicate that these three clinical indicators could be considered as clear determinants for the diagnosis of COVID-19 41,42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

IgG seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of 449 non-hospitalized, high-risk exposure individuals.

Martínez¹,

García²,

Salas³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 led the Spanish government to impose a national lockdown in an attempt to control the spread of the infection. Mobility restrictions but also the requirement of a medical prescription to gain access to serological testing for COVID-19 were included among the measures. Under this scenario, between April 15th to June 15th, 2020, we performed a seroprevalence observational study including 449 individuals that fulfill prescription requirements: manifesting COVID-19 compatible symptoms, being in contact with a COVID-19 confirmed case or belonging to essential occupations including healthcare workers, firefighters or public safety personnel such as police. Importantly, none of the participants was hospitalized. Altogether, we studied this specific, non-commonly addressed cohort for SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, uncovering intrinsic features of great demographic interest. The overall rate of IgG seropositivity was 33.69% (95% CI: 29.27 – 38.21). This seroprevalence was comparable between different occupations performed by the participants. However, contacts with confirmed cases associated positively with IgG+ results, with stronger correlation if being a household member. The number of symptoms also correlated positively with IgG+ prevalence. Ageusia/anosmia, pneumonia and cutaneous manifestations were the top-three symptoms that most strongly associated with IgG+ seroprevalence. However, while pneumonia and cutaneous manifestations were barely present in our cohort, fever, ageusia/anosmia and asthenia were the most frequently symptoms described within IgG+ subjects. Therefore, our data illustrate how specific cohorts display heterogeneous characteristics that should be taken into account when identifying population seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 and key defining symptoms for COVID-19.

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Organ-specific manifestations of COVID-19 infection

Cited by 393 publications

References 160 publications

Comparing biomarkers for COVID-19 disease with commonly associated preexisting conditions and complications

Comparing biomarkers for COVID-19 disease with commonly associated preexisting conditions and complications

Neuropilin‑1 as a new potential SARS‑CoV‑2 infection mediator implicated in the neurologic features and central nervous system involvement of COVID‑19

IgG seroprevalence against SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of 449 non-hospitalized, high-risk exposure individuals.

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