Oregon Superstitions

Fife, Austin E.; Fife, Alta

doi:10.2307/1498857

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Oakenfull, Salvesen, Jencks / Catalysis of Acetylimidazole Reactions 0.10 0.03-0.17 0 N refers to the free base form of the amine or the anion of the alcohol. 6 Ionic strength maintained at 1.0 with tetramethylammonium chloride. 6 Ionic strength maintained at 1.0 with potassium chloride.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Mechanisms of catalysis

Jencks¹,

Oakenfull²,

Salvesen³

1971

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Mechanisms of catalysis

Jencks¹,

Oakenfull²,

Salvesen³

1971

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…The steady-state expression for the nucleophilic reaction of a tertiary amine with acetylimidazolium ion is given in eq 6. If kmin is the residual observed rate k /ci'fcJR.N] fc-i'[Im] + kh (6) when increasing imidazole concentration causes no further rate decrease, then knuc = kobsdkmia. A plot of l/(fcobsdkmia) against the concentration of free imidazole gives a straight line from which the ratio kjk-i' and the concentration of imidazole which gives 50% inhibition (2.2 X 10-4 Af) may be calculated.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Reactions Of Tertiary Amines Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pH 6.53 (1) Observed" with no imidazole 0.044 0.039 (2) Free TED reaction6 0.004 0.014 (3) (1) -( 2 I). 6 Calculated from the second-order rate constants for free triethylenediamine, obtained in experiments at high pH. "Obtained from the intercept at 100% triethylenediamine-H22+ concentration of (3) plotted against the percentage of fully protonated amine, calculated from the pH and pK 3.47.5 50% of maximal inhibition is approximately 2.3 X 10-4 Af (free base) in the presence of 0.4 Af triethylenediamine hydrochloride and 0.02 Af phosphate buffer, pH 6.47.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Reactions Of Tertiary Amines Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure6. Effect of basicity on the rate constants for reactions of oxyanions with acetylimidazolium ion at 25°( TableIIand ref 4,12, and 18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study also complements a recent examination of the reactions of nucleophiles with substituted acetylpyridinium ions in which, for technical reasons, a more limited series of reagents was studied. 6 The reactions of acetylimidazole are also of special interest because of the possibility of examining at the same time the reactions of an amide with a good leaving group, acetylimidazolium ion with a leaving group of pK 7, and an amide with a poor leaving group, free acetylimidazole, in which the leaving group has a pK of 14.2. 7 The results confirm the general impression that reactions of amides with nucleophiles are dominated by a tendency to add a proton to the leaving amine and that acyl compounds with poorer leaving groups display an enhanced sensitivity to the basicity of the attacking group and to catalysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Structure-reactivity relations

Jencks¹,

Oakenfull²

1971

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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Antenatal Screening for Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center 11-Year Study of the Incidence, Antenatal Detection Rate, and Outcomes of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies

Clark,

Palaniappan,

Clegg

2024

Journal of Fetal Medicine

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Objectives This article describes the incidence, detection rate, and birth outcomes of congenital heart disease (CHD) within a single center over an 11-year period. Methods A database of patients diagnosed with CHD on antenatal ultrasound or within 12 months of delivery was collated from January 2010 to December 2020. A retrospective review of records was performed to establish the incidence of CHD and the antenatal detection rate (ADR). A Fisher's exact test was used to investigate the association between the type of CHD, the presence of a genetic abnormality, extracardiac anomalies, and the ADR. Results The incidence of CHD was 4.3 per 1,000 maternities (n = 161). Fifty-five percent of anomalies were diagnosed antenatally. Twenty-seven percent underwent termination of pregnancy. Seventy-three percent of cases were alive at the end of follow-up. Patients with a major form of CHD were more likely to receive an antenatal diagnosis compared with those with other forms of CHD (64.9% vs. 39.1%, p 0.002). The presence of extracardiac abnormalities was associated with a higher ADR. Conclusion The incidence of CHD was 4.3 per 1,000 maternities. Most major cardiac anomalies were diagnosed antenatally. Detection rates varied depending on the nature of the lesion and the presence of other congenital anomalies. Implications for Clinical Practice Cardiac anomalies are the most common form of birth defect. Reported incidence rates lie between 4 and 20 per 1,000 live births. This study describes the incidence, pregnancy outcomes, and ADR of cardiac anomalies within one Scottish health board. It provides insight into the effectiveness of a national screening program in detecting CHD and the factors that influence ADR. Therefore, it can be used to more effectively counsel patients on the strengths and limitations of antenatal ultrasound for detecting CHD.

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Oregon Superstitions

Cited by 3 publications

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Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Mechanisms of catalysis

Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Mechanisms of catalysis

Reactions of acetylimidazole and acetylimidazolium ion with nucleophilic reagents. Structure-reactivity relations

Antenatal Screening for Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center 11-Year Study of the Incidence, Antenatal Detection Rate, and Outcomes of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies

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