Oregon ‘Pinot noir’ grape anthocyanin enhancement by early leaf removal

Lee, Jungmin; Skinkis, Patricia A.

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.02.022

Cited by 68 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The relative abundance of di-and triand OH-and OCH 3 -substituted anthocyanins was unaffected by leaf removal when applied before flowering (Table 3), in contrast to previous studies. 14,15 As for tannin content, our data support the results of previous studies indicating that viticultural practices have a limited effect on skin and seed tannin content. 14,22,35 Both leaf-removal treatments affected the concentration of MPs during berry development; at harvest, significantly lower values were measured in LRAF berries ( Table 2).…”

Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…15,16 Similar to TSS, the impact of leaf removal before or after flowering on TA is still controversial. Experiments carried out on 'Pinot noir', 'Trebbiano', 'Merlot' (V. vinifera L.), 'Cabernet Sauvignon', and 'Sangiovese' reported no impact of this technique on TA, 15,28,29 while an increase of TA was shown under leaf removal before flowering in 'Sangiovese' and in 'Tempranillo'. 26 On the basis of the data reported in the experiments mentioned above, no significant difference was found between treatments when the leaf area-to-yield ratio was higher than 1 m 2 /kg, similar to the levels observed in our experiment (Table 1).…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Leaf Removal, Applied Before and After Flowering, on Anthocyanin, Tannin, and Methoxypyrazine Concentrations in ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes and Wines

Sivilotti

Herrera

Lisjak

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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ABSTRACT:The development and accumulation of secondary metabolites in grapes determine wine color, taste, and aroma. This study aimed to investigate the effect of leaf removal before flowering, a practice recently introduced to reduce cluster compactness and Botrytis rot, on anthocyanin, tannin, and methoxypyrazine concentrations in 'Merlot' grapes and wines. Leaf removal before flowering was compared with leaf removal after flowering and an untreated control. No effects on tannin and anthocyanin concentrations in grapes were observed. Both treatments reduced levels of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP) in the grapes and the derived wines, although the after-flowering treatment did so to a greater degree in the fruit specifically. Leaf removal before flowering can be used to reduce cluster compactness, Botrytis rot, and grape and wine IBMP concentration and to improve wine color intensity but at the expense of cluster weight and vine yield. Leaf removal after flowering accomplishes essentially the same results without loss of yield.

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Section: Journal Of Agricultural and Food Chemistrysupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Leaf Removal, Applied Before and After Flowering, on Anthocyanin, Tannin, and Methoxypyrazine Concentrations in ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes and Wines

Sivilotti

Herrera

Lisjak

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Otherwise it is difficult to evaluate the direct impact of the technique. Martínez de Toda & Balda (2014) and Mosetti et al (2016) report that, at a similar TSS level, LR after berry set reduced juice pH and malic acid, although this reduction in pH was not found in the studies of Lee and Skinkis (2013) and Sivilotti et al (2016). Similarly, regarding TA, the results also differed in previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Generally, it is more appropriate under cool and wet conditions where botrytis bunch rot is common and the grapes usually lack total soluble solids (TSS) and colour (Reynolds et al, 1986;Jackson & Lombard, 1993;Lee & Skinkis, 2013). On the other hand, under warm conditions the excessive exposure of the fruit may compromise the grape colour and acid (Haselgrove et al, 2000;Bergqvist et al, 2001) and even result in berry sunburn (Chorti et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Full Exposure of Clusters Have Any Negative Effects on Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Quality in La Rioja, Spain? The Use of Severe Cluster-zone Leaf Removal after Berry Set

García

Balda

et al. 2017

SAJEV

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A three-year experiment comprising severe leaf removal (LR) was carried out on Tempranillo grapes in Logroño, North-central Spain. For the LR treatment, six basal leaves, along with the basal lateral shoots, were removed two weeks after fruit set. Berry total soluble solids (TSS) were examined when the colour began to appear. Grapes from both the LR and control (C) vines were analysed at the same TSS level (≈ 22°Brix). LR advanced the onset of anthocyanin synthesis slightly but significantly. Yield components were not affected by LR and no symptoms of sunburn were observed. Both treatments showed similar juice pH and titratable acidity, although tartaric acid increased with LR while malic acid decreased with it. In spite of failing to increase the final anthocyanin concentration of the grape juice, LR enhanced the colour and body of the wine. These results indicate that a relatively early LR could be a viable way to improve the quality of grapes and wine under the climatic conditions of the Rioja wine region.

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“…An effect generally associated with basal leaf removal is the reduction in the incidence of bunch rot (Molitor et al, 2011). Besides, the removal of basal leaves may also significantly enhance anthocyanin levels and skin color, particularly in cool climates (Lee & Skinkis, 2013;Sternad Lemut et al, 2013); increase sugar and polyphenols, improving grape quality at harvest (Poni et al, 2006); and cause a drop in titratable acidity (Poni et al, 2006;Diago et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic performance of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' with leaf removal management in a high-altitude region of Southern Brazil

Würz

Brighenti

Filho³

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to compare the effect of different times of leaf removal on the vegetative-productive efficiency and on the chemical and physical characteristics of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' clusters in a high-altitude region of the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in the 2015 and 2016 vintages, in a commercial vineyard, located in the municipality of São Joaquim, in the state of Santa Catarina, at 1,230-m altitude. The treatments consisted of different times leaf removal in the cluster zone, in the following phenological stages: full bloom, buckshot berries, pea-sized berries, veraison, and 15 days after veraison, besides a control without leaf removal. The evaluated variables were subjected to the analysis of variance and compared with the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. In a high-altitude region, leaf removal provides more adequate indices for plant vegetative:yield balance. It also increases yield when performed during the pea-sized berry and veraison stages, increases the fertility index when performed during the pea-sized berry stage, and improves the chemical composition of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' grape when performed up to the pea-sized berry stage. The obtained results show the importance of early leaf removal to obtain must with potential for the production of quality wines.

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Oregon ‘Pinot noir’ grape anthocyanin enhancement by early leaf removal

Cited by 68 publications

References 38 publications

Impact of Leaf Removal, Applied Before and After Flowering, on Anthocyanin, Tannin, and Methoxypyrazine Concentrations in ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes and Wines

Impact of Leaf Removal, Applied Before and After Flowering, on Anthocyanin, Tannin, and Methoxypyrazine Concentrations in ‘Merlot’ (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes and Wines

Does Full Exposure of Clusters Have Any Negative Effects on Tempranillo (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape Quality in La Rioja, Spain? The Use of Severe Cluster-zone Leaf Removal after Berry Set

Agronomic performance of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' with leaf removal management in a high-altitude region of Southern Brazil

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