Oredezhosteus, a new psammosteid genus (Heterostraci, Psammosteiformes) from the Lower Frasnian (Upper Devonian) of the Main Devonian Field

Moloshnikov, S. V.

doi:10.1134/s0031030109020117

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…and Tartuosteus sp.(Fig. 1; Blieck et al 2002;Mark-Kurik 2000;Moloshnikov 2001;Sallan and Galimberti 2015). It is worth noting that potentially larger seabirds are known, for example, the 160 kg Kumimanu fordycei, which has been proposed to be the largest-known fossil penguin (Ksepka et al 2023).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic

Pimiento,

Kocáková,

Mathes

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Extinction

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The modern marine megafauna is known to play important ecological roles and includes many charismatic species that have drawn the attention of both the scientific community and the public. However, the extinct marine megafauna has never been assessed as a whole, nor has it been defined in deep time. Here, we review the literature to define and list the species that constitute the extinct marine megafauna, and to explore biological and ecological patterns throughout the Phanerozoic. We propose a size cut-off of 1 m of length to define the extinct marine megafauna. Based on this definition, we list 706 taxa belonging to eight main groups. We found that the extinct marine megafauna was conspicuous over the Phanerozoic and ubiquitous across all geological eras and periods, with the Mesozoic, especially the Cretaceous, having the greatest number of taxa. Marine reptiles include the largest size recorded (21 m; Shonisaurus sikanniensis) and contain the highest number of extinct marine megafaunal taxa. This contrasts with today’s assemblage, where marine animals achieve sizes of >30 m. The extinct marine megafaunal taxa were found to be well-represented in the Paleobiology Database, but not better sampled than their smaller counterparts. Among the extinct marine megafauna, there appears to be an overall increase in body size through time. Most extinct megafaunal taxa were inferred to be macropredators preferentially living in coastal environments. Across the Phanerozoic, megafaunal species had similar extinction risks as smaller species, in stark contrast to modern oceans where the large species are most affected by human perturbations. Our work represents a first step towards a better understanding of the marine megafauna that lived in the geological past. However, more work is required to expand our list of taxa and their traits so that we can obtain a more complete picture of their ecology and evolution.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic

Pimiento,

Kocáková,

Mathes

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Extinction

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“…and Tartuosteus sp. (Figure 1; Blieck et al, 2002;Mark-Kurik, 2000;Moloshnikov, 2001;Sallan and Galimberti, 2015). It is worth noting that potentially larger seabirds are known, for example, the 160 kg Kumimanu fordycei, which has been proposed to be the largest-known fossil penguin (Ksepka et al, 2023).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decision: The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic — R2/PR9

2024

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“…However, the genus Karelosteus is provisionally retained, because it is not known how many species of the large Psammosteus clade will be divided into several genera following a future analysis of all available material. Psammosteus livonicus was described in Oredezhosteus (Moloshnikov, 2009), and later this genus was revised (Glinskiy and Mark-Kurik, 2016). Possibly, in the future P. livonicus and the related species P. asper might be included also in Karelosteus.…”

Section: Psammosteus Agassiz 1844mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Rohonosteus) ornatus (Rohon, 1899) and T. ? zheleznogorskensis Moloshnikov, 2009 are not considered here due to the poor material. The unique specimen of the last species is possibly Psammosteus with pathology of branchial plate development and imprints of detached tesserae on ventral side.…”

Section: Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates

Glinskiy

2017

BioComm

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Psammosteid heterostracans are a group (suborder Psammosteoidei) of Devonian-age jawless vertebrates, which is included in the order Pteraspidiformes. The whole group of psammosteids is represented by numerous species (more than 40); their phylogenetic relationships are still poorly known and deserve further study. Classical researchers of the psammosteids, such as D. Obruchev, E. Mark-Kurik and L. Halstead Tarlo, had different views on the phylogeny of the group (e.g. origins and evolution of Psammosteus). To check the modern hypotheses of psammosteid origins from various Pteraspidiformes and to clarify psammosteid interrelationships, the most complete phylogeny of this group (38 ingroup taxa + juvenile Drepanapsis) is presented here. Different methods of data analysis were used to explore the psammosteid data set, including equally weighted characters versus implied weighting. According to the results of the phylogenetic analysis, the monophyletic status of the group and their early development from the Pteraspidiformes are supported. The diagnoses and interrelationships of many taxa are clarified. Two new genera are proposed (Vladimirolepis gen. nov. and Elgaia gen. nov.), and two subfamilies are erected (Placosteinae subfam nov. and Psammosteinae Traquair).

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Oredezhosteus, a new psammosteid genus (Heterostraci, Psammosteiformes) from the Lower Frasnian (Upper Devonian) of the Main Devonian Field

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic

The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic

Decision: The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic — R2/PR9

Phylogenetic relationships of psammosteid heterostracans (Pteraspidiformes), Devonian jawless vertebrates

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