‘Ordinary People’ and ‘Death Work’: Palestinian Suicide Bombers as Victimizers and Victims

Berko, Anat; Erez, Edna

doi:10.1057/9780230616509_19

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, we did not identify any female lone-wolf actors. Our findings, consistent with previous research on women in terrorism (Berko, 2012;Berko & Erez, 2005;Bloom, 2005;Galvin, 1983) but not discussed in the context of female criminality, highlight the main story of our study that relationships are essential to women's involvement in terrorism, and that their involvement is made or broken through their misguided male and female acquaintances.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

How Women Engage Homegrown Terrorism

González

Freilich

Chermak

2014

Feminist Criminology

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U.S. Extremist Crime Database (ECDB) Study data of homicides by far-right extremists and arsons and bombings by environmental and animal rights extremists suggest that compared with men, relationships are catalysts for women's involvement in domestic terrorism; recruitment and opportunity differ by ideology and are not always effective in victimizing their intended hate group. We suggest an inter-disciplinary approach that considers criminological principles of strain theory along with sociological emphasis on gendered social networks and the strength of weak ties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

How Women Engage Homegrown Terrorism

González

Freilich

Chermak

2014

Feminist Criminology

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“…As part of attempts to deal with fear and uncertainty, a set of technological, administrative and legal security counter-measures was developed with the aim of reducing the risk and separating the potential terrorist groups from innocent victims (Lea, 2005). In light of the inability to predict the future 'bad', most nations employed defensive mechanisms (Berko and Erez, 2005) and risk management practices which single out groups of plausible offenders rather than specific offenders.…”

Section: The New Penology Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorism and risk management

Ajzenstadt

Ariel

2008

Punishment & Society

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Throughout the past few decades, Israel has developed a set of legal, criminal justice and other law enforcement initiatives under the broad category of 'counter-terrorism policy'. This policy attempts both to separate and manage more effectively a group of suspected and accused terrorists. This article utilizes the New Penology perspective to trace the ways in which notions of risk and dangerousness are embedded in the counter-terrorism discourse and practices developed in Israel. Additionally, this article analyzes various initiatives and, in particular, laws and the institutional mechanism that administrate the management of risk posed by terrorist groups. Our analysis reveals how such initiatives and their enforcement are legitimized and grounded in a single discourse embedded with the socially and politically constructed notions of 'dangerousness', 'risk assessment' and 'security'.

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“…While carrying out martyrdom operations usually represents an end-unto-itself for individual suicide bombers (Berko & Erez, 2005;Hafez, 2006Hafez, , 2007aLankford, 2013), for militant organizations, suicide attacks have largely become a means to securing status. Organizations regularly adopt suicide attacks to appease constituent populations and appeal to a broader network of militant organizations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dying for survival

Acosta

2016

Journal of Peace Research

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Suicide attacks continue to plague a multitude of conflict zones. However, the scholarly literature on the phenomenon has yet to produce a theory that explains why militant organizations at different stages of development, facing dissimilar enemies, and situated in unique conflict environments adopt suicide attacks. Moreover, the suicide-attack phenomenon now presents an intriguing puzzle. While most militant organizations fail to achieve their core political ends or ‘outcome goals’, organizations that employ suicide attacks are even less likely to succeed. Still, organizations have adopted suicide attacks at increasing rates. Given their ineffectiveness in precipitating outcome-goal success, why do organizations continue to adopt suicide attacks? Like all organizations, militant organizations share two common aims: (1) to survive and (2) to achieve outcome goals. As martyrdom operations often fulfill the ideological or cultural expectations of certain identity groups, representative organizations may adopt suicide attacks to expand constituent support or enhance status within a particular political landscape. Further, organizations can conduct suicide attacks to signal ideological solidarity with fellow militant organizations. This article analyzes an original large-N dataset of militant organizations alongside an original database of over 5,000 suicide attacks, and evaluates numerous case examples. The results demonstrate that militant organizations across regions and over time have adopted suicide attacks in order to gain supporters, promote organizational longevity, and boost or preserve status.

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‘Ordinary People’ and ‘Death Work’: Palestinian Suicide Bombers as Victimizers and Victims

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

How Women Engage Homegrown Terrorism

How Women Engage Homegrown Terrorism

Terrorism and risk management

Dying for survival

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