Ordered Mesoporous Polymers for Biomass Conversions and Cross‐Coupling Reactions

Liu, Fujian; Wu, Qin; Liu, Chen; Qi, Chenze; Huang, Kuan; Zheng, Anmin; Dai, Sheng

doi:10.1002/cssc.201600822

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The motivation for the use of ordered mesoporous carbon as the support is because it is a kind of activated carbon, and porous carbon-supported noble metal catalysts play an important role in the fine chemicals industry, and also have an indispensable role in new energy technologies, such as biomass conversion and fuel cells 21 , 22 . Their synthesis involves hydrothermal synthesis, polymerization for phenolic resins, and carbonization, all of which have been realized on an industrial scale 23 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

et al. 2020

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Supported gold nanoparticles are emerging catalysts for heterogeneous catalytic reactions, including selective hydrogenation. The traditionally used supports such as silica do not favor the heterolytic dissociation of hydrogen on the surface of gold, thus limiting its hydrogenation activity. Here we use gold catalyst particles partially embedded in the pore walls of mesoporous carbon with carbon atoms occupying interstitial sites in the gold lattice. This catalyst allows improved electron transfer from carbon to gold and, when used for the chemoselective hydrogenation of 3-nitrostyrene, gives a three times higher turn-over frequency (TOF) than that for the well-established Au/TiO2 system. The d electron gain of Au is linearly related to the activation entropy and TOF. The catalyst is stable, and can be recycled ten times with negligible loss of both reaction rate and overall conversion. This strategy paves the way for optimizing noble metal catalysts to give an enhanced hydrogenation catalytic performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

et al. 2020

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“…The structural characteristics of 3D‐NHPC‐x were determined by low‐temperature N 2 adsorption. As displayed in Figure 2, all samples show type‐IV isotherms with large adsorption amount at higher relative pressure range of 0.88∼1.0, which indicates the ample presence of meso‐macroporous structures in those of samples [38–46] . Moreover, wide distribution ranging from 0 to 50 nm was found all the 3D‐NHPC‐x samples, confirming the formation of hierarchical nanopores in 3D‐NHPC‐x [47–55] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Meso‐macroporous Carbons Decorated with Ample Nitrogen Sites as Bifunctional Catalysts in CO₂ Catalytic Conversion and Oxygen Reduction Reaction

et al. 2021

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Electrocatalysts are vulnerable for poisoning during the process of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), even the air containing traces of acidic CO2 gas, leading to low activity and durability in fuel cells. Herein, an anti‐CO2 poisoning metal‐free carbon ORR catalysts were derived from fructose and g‐C3N4, along with NaCl as both pore‐forming template and structure protective agent, conducting to a three‐dimensional meso‐macroporous carbon (3D‐NHPC‐x) architecture with large BET surface areas (479∼753 m2/g), ultrahigh nitrogen doping level (14.7 wt %∼16.5 wt %) and high ratios of pyridinic and pyrrolic characteristics. The samples were designated as 3D‐NHPC‐x, and the absorbed CO2 electrocatalyst shows a half‐wave potential of 0.76 V (vs. RHE) in alkaline electrolyte with robust long‐term stability and methanol tolerance, which may provide a facile route of producing high‐performance and anti‐CO2 poisoning ORR catalyst. The 3D‐NHPC‐x can also be employed as efficient catalysts in CO2 capture and catalytic conversion to cyclic carbonate, superior to various materials used in the field. This work develops green and sustainable route for preparation of efficient and anti‐CO2 poisoning hierarchical porous carbon based ORR catalysts.

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Section: Conversion Of Fatty Acids and Biomass To Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Linked Porous Polymers as Heterogeneous Organocatalysts for Task-Specific Applications in Biomass Transformations, CO₂ Fixation, and Asymmetric Reactions

Modak

Ghosh

Mankar

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Metal-free catalysis is particularly challenging in the context of green and sustainable chemistry. High toxicity associated with the leaching of the metals from the catalysts has notorious environmental impact. To surmount such an effect, homogeneous organocatalysis can provide a green and alternative protocol. However, it suffers the drawbacks of low activity and selectivity, because of the neighboring effect of the solvent, and it is devoid of recyclability for sustainable operations. To address such issues, solid-supported heterogeneous organocatalysts are developed, and these have been attracting increasing interest over the years. Multifunctional porous organic materials are very demanding in catalysis, because of their robustness in the structure involving strong covalent bonds between organic building blocks. Furthermore, their high specific surface area, topological diversity, and finely dispersed catalytic sites in nanoscale could make these porous organic materials as excellent scaffold for several task-specific applications. Lightweight and high inherent porosity, as well as structural stability with tenability of the active functional groups, have reinforced their tremendous potential as solid organocatalyst. In this Perspective, we highlight the latest advancements in metal-free cross-linked amorphous porous organic polymers (POPs) and crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs), their design principle to incorporate catalytic sites for major applications such as biomass conversion, biofuel synthesis, asymmetric organocatalysis, and CO2 fixation reactions. Several renewable and sustainable catalytic transformations could be achieved via environmentally benign pathways through this alternative metal-free approach.

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Ordered Mesoporous Polymers for Biomass Conversions and Cross‐Coupling Reactions

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

Meso‐macroporous Carbons Decorated with Ample Nitrogen Sites as Bifunctional Catalysts in CO₂ Catalytic Conversion and Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Cross-Linked Porous Polymers as Heterogeneous Organocatalysts for Task-Specific Applications in Biomass Transformations, CO₂ Fixation, and Asymmetric Reactions

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Ordered Mesoporous Polymers for Biomass Conversions and Cross‐Coupling Reactions

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

Gold catalysts containing interstitial carbon atoms boost hydrogenation activity

Meso‐macroporous Carbons Decorated with Ample Nitrogen Sites as Bifunctional Catalysts in CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Cross-Linked Porous Polymers as Heterogeneous Organocatalysts for Task-Specific Applications in Biomass Transformations, CO2 Fixation, and Asymmetric Reactions

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Product

Resources

About

Meso‐macroporous Carbons Decorated with Ample Nitrogen Sites as Bifunctional Catalysts in CO₂ Catalytic Conversion and Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Cross-Linked Porous Polymers as Heterogeneous Organocatalysts for Task-Specific Applications in Biomass Transformations, CO₂ Fixation, and Asymmetric Reactions