Ordered mesoporous In-(TiO 2 /WO 3 ) nanohybrid: An ultrasensitive n -butanol sensor

Malik, Ritu; Tomer, Vijay K.; Chaudhary, Vandna; Dahiya, Manjeet S.; Nehra, S.P.; Rana, Pawan S.; Duhan, Surender

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2016.08.022

Cited by 88 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The former includes sol–gel synthesis procedure, spray pyrolysis, and chemical vapor deposition,[3b] which usually lead to materials with ill‐defined porous structures and uncontrollable morphologies. By using hard‐templating methods, highly ordered mesoporous metal oxides materials can be produced through a structure replication from hexagonal SBA‐15 silica or cubic KIT‐6 silica . However, this method is complicated, costly, and not suitable for mass production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Ren

Zhou

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

242

173

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In this study, a straightforward coassembly strategy is demonstrated to synthesize Pt sensitized mesoporous WO 3 with crystalline framework through the simultaneous coassembly of amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide)-b-polystyrene, hydrophobic platinum precursors, and hydrophilic tungsten precursors. The obtained WO 3 /Pt nanocomposites possess large pore size (≈13 nm), high surface area (128 m 2 g −1 ), large pore volume (0.32 cm 3 g −1 ), and Pt nanoparticles (≈4 nm) in situ homogeneously distributed in mesopores, and they exhibit excellent catalytic sensing response to CO of low concentration at low working temperature with good sensitivity, ultrashort response-recovery time (16 s/1 s), and high selectivity. In-depth study reveals that besides the contribution from the fast diffusion of gaseous molecules and rich interfaces in mesoporous WO 3 /Pt nanocomposites, the partially oxidized Pt nanoparticles that chemically and electronically sensitize the crystalline WO 3 matrix, dramatically enhance the sensitivity and selectivity.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201705268. metal oxides (SMOs), such as WO 3 , [1] ZnO, [2] SnO 2 , [3] In 2 O 3 , [4] have attracted much attention for their wide applications in monitoring gas leakage, air quality, food safety, and medical diagnosis, [5][6][7][8][9] owing to their excellent properties including easy production, low-cost, long-term stability, and compact size. [10] A fast responserecovery dynamics, high sensitivity, and high selectivity are indispensable to highperformance gas sensors based on SMOs because some toxic and flammable gases (e.g., carbon monoxide), are colorless, odorless and tasteless, and extremely poisonous even at low concentrations. Considering that the gas-sensing process strongly relies on surface reactions between target gases and surface-chemisorbed oxygen species on the sensing layers, rational and controlled synthesis of nanomaterials with high surface areas, tailor-designed structure [11][12][13][14] combined with effective catalytic sensitization [15,16] is a promising approach to develop high-performance sensing sensors.SMO nanomaterials with mesoporous structures are promising candidates for gas sensing nanodevices due to their high specific surface area, highly depleted region in thin pore walls, and highly interconnected and adjustable ordered mesopores. [11,12] The high surface area favors the interaction between gas molecules and the solid porous oxide wall as well as the surface catalytic reaction. Moreover, the well-connected channels and a mesoscale (2−50 nm) pore size are advantageous to gas diffusion due to the facile penetration of gas molecules dominated by Knudsen diffusion. [12] To date, mesoporous SMOs can be synthesized through template-free method or templating method. The former includes sol-gel synthesis procedure, [17] spray pyrolysis, [18] and chemical vapor deposition, [3b] which usually lead to materials with ill-defined porous structur...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Ren

Zhou

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

242

173

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“…The last decade has witnessed the unprecedented growth of multifunction nanohybrid materials in designing miniaturized sensing devices for precise, real‐time detection of various analytes . The mesoporous architecture of the sensing layer remains the prominent factor behind the development of highly sensitive, selective, ultrafast responsive sensor having excellent reversible interactions with the targeted analyte molecules . The precise detection of relative humidity (%RH) in meteorology, weather forecasting, libraries, electronics, food processing, packaging, automobile industry, paper and textile technology, clinical diagnosis through breath monitoring, and agricultural field is continuously endorsing the interest in realizing promising %RH sensors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have been targeting highly efficient (excellent response, good linearity, short response/recovery, and small hysteresis) multifunctional sensors utilizing numerous scientific and technological methods and exploring novel mesoporous materials with diverse morphologies . In this context, mesoporous materials with high specific surface area and tunable pore diameter provide have proven out to be excellent solutions in designing sensing materials with extended multifunctionalities …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retracted: Ordered Mesoporous Ag–ZnO@g‐CN Nanohybrid as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Sensing Material

Malik

Tomer

Kienle

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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reversible interactions with the targeted analyte molecules. [3][4][5][6] The precise detection of relative humidity (%RH) in meteorology, weather forecasting, libraries, electronics, food processing, packaging, automobile industry, paper and textile technology, clinical diagnosis through breath monitoring, and agricultural field is continuously endorsing the interest in realizing promising %RH sensors. [7,8] While dealing with the noninvasive detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in clinical diagnosis applications through breath monitoring, there always remains a challenge to distinctively detect specific biomarker (acetone for diabetes, ethanol for drunken driving, 1-butanol for skin cancer, formaldehyde for lung cancer, hydrogen sulfide for halitosis, and trimethylamine for trimethylaminuria) by reducing cross sensitivity to high humid contents of human breath (≈90%RH). [9][10][11][12][13] Researchers have been targeting highly efficient (excellent response, good linearity, short response/ recovery, and small hysteresis) multifunctional sensors utilizing numerous scientific and technological methods and exploring novel mesoporous materials with diverse morphologies. [14][15][16] In this context, mesoporous materials with high specific surface area and tunable pore diameter provide have proven out to be excellent solutions in designing sensing materials with extended multifunctionalities. [3][4][5][6]9,14] Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 or g-CN), a metal-free polymer having structural resemblance with 2D layered graphite materials, has emerged out to be such a multifunction material. [17][18][19] For its extremely promising semiconducting, mechanical, optical, and chemical properties, g-CN has attracted much spotlight in bioimaging, photo(catalysis), water splitting, electrocatalysis, metal ions detection, and fuel cell applications. [20][21][22][23] Besides, the earth-abundant nature of its constituent elements (carbon and nitrogen) favors the low production cost of g-CN. [17,18] Yet, the very low surface area of g-CN (<15 m 2 g −1 ) offers multiple challenges in utilizing this fascinating material in "gas sensing technology" for which the basic need always remains the availability of high surface area. Materials with high surface area when used as sensor offer superior permeability and more active sites for the easier adsorption, transmission, and diffusion of charge carriers across the sensor The development of highly efficient and multifunctional sensors for accurately detecting indoor climate has always remained a challenging task. In this work, an important progress for nanocasting synthesis of ordered mesoporous Ag-ZnO-loaded graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) prepared through template inversion of mesoporous silica, KIT-6, is presented. The cubic 3D ordered mesoporous Ag-ZnO@g-CN nanohybrid demonstrates excellent sensitivity, rapid response/recovery (5.1/2 s), excellent reversibility (0.3%), high stability, and negligible hysteresis (0.5%) to relative humidity (%RH) in the 11-98%RH range. Bes...

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“…However, in most of the previous works, post‐treatment of porous materials is the very common approach to insert nanoparticles into or onto the framework, which typically requires multiple steps and complicated synthetic conditions . The co‐assembly of two metal precursors with the template may resolve these problems, but it is not easy to control the reactivity of metal oxide precursors because of their sensitive and different sol–gel chemistry, which may lead to disordered mesoporous structure and undesired phase separation . Therefore, the direct in situ co‐assembly of functional nanoparticles, rather than of a molecular precursor, into a highly ordered mesoporous frameworks with oriented configurations is greatly desired but remains a great challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Branched Mesoporous TiO₂–SnO₂ Nanocomposites with Well‐Defined n–n Heterojunctions for Highly Efficient Ethanol Sensing

et al. 2019

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The direct assembly of functional nanoparticles into a highly crystalline mesoporous semiconductor with oriented configurations is challenging but of significance. Herein, an evaporation induced oriented co‐assembly strategy is reported to incorporate SnO2 nanocrystals (NCs) into a 3D branched mesoporous TiO2 framework by using poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐polystyrene (PEO‐b‐PS) as the template, SnO2 NCs as the direct tin source, and titanium butoxide (TBOT) as the titania precursor. Owing to the combined properties of ultrasmall particle size (3–5 nm), excellent dispersibility and presence of abundant hydroxyl groups, SnO2 NCs can easily interact with PEO block of the template through hydrogen bonding and co‐assemble with hydrolyzed TBOT to form a novel hierarchical branched mesoporous structure (SHMT). After calcination, the obtained composites exhibit a unique 3D flower‐like structure, which consists of numerous mesoporous rutile TiO2 branches with uniform cylindrical mesopores (≈9 nm). More importantly, the SnO2 NCs are homogeneously distributed in the mesoporous TiO2 matrix, forming numerous n–n heterojunctions. Due to the unique textual structures, the SHMT‐based gas sensors show excellent gas sensing performance with fast response/recovery dynamics, high sensitivity, and selectivity toward ethanol.

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Ordered mesoporous In-(TiO 2 /WO 3 ) nanohybrid: An ultrasensitive n -butanol sensor

Cited by 88 publications

References 38 publications

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Retracted: Ordered Mesoporous Ag–ZnO@g‐CN Nanohybrid as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Sensing Material

Hierarchical Branched Mesoporous TiO₂–SnO₂ Nanocomposites with Well‐Defined n–n Heterojunctions for Highly Efficient Ethanol Sensing

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Ordered mesoporous In-(TiO 2 /WO 3 ) nanohybrid: An ultrasensitive n -butanol sensor

Cited by 88 publications

References 38 publications

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO3 Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO3 Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Retracted: Ordered Mesoporous Ag–ZnO@g‐CN Nanohybrid as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Sensing Material

Hierarchical Branched Mesoporous TiO2–SnO2 Nanocomposites with Well‐Defined n–n Heterojunctions for Highly Efficient Ethanol Sensing

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Product

Resources

About

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Pt Nanoparticles Sensitized Ordered Mesoporous WO₃ Semiconductor: Gas Sensing Performance and Mechanism Study

Hierarchical Branched Mesoporous TiO₂–SnO₂ Nanocomposites with Well‐Defined n–n Heterojunctions for Highly Efficient Ethanol Sensing