Ordered Arrays of Nanostructures and Applications in High‐Efficient Nano‐Generators

Lei, Yong; Jiao, Zheng; Wu, Minghong; Wilde, Gerhard

doi:10.1002/adem.200700084

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…As it is a wide band gap ($3.37 eV) semiconducting oxide having a large exciton binding energy of 60 meV at room temperature which is chemically stable, biocompatible, with high thermal stability, and environmentally friendly, hence ZnO has been frequently utilized in thin films and in lowdimensional nanostructures. 1,2 The assemble of functional nanostructures by various techniques, [2][3][4] in particular, the use of ZnO as a fundamental nanoscale building block has led to the increase in the packing density of the thin films and nanostructures for potential applications in nanosensors, 5 ultra-violet lasers, 6 and solar cells. 7 In the process of implementing ZnO for device integration in these applications, ZnO has been grown in many different configurations such as nanowires, nanodots, and nanosheets (ultra thin films).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles investigation of the size-dependent structural stability and electronic properties of O-vacancies at the ZnO polar and non-polar surfaces

Wong

Alay-e-Abbas

Shaukat

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

175

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In this paper, all electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method has been used to investigate the structural and electronic properties of polar (0001) and non-polar (101¯0) surfaces of ZnO in terms of the defect formation energy (DFE), charge density, and electronic band structure with the supercell-slab (SS) models. Our calculations support the size-dependent structural phase transformation of wurzite lattice to graphite-like structure which is a result of the termination of hexagonal ZnO at the (0001) basal plane, when the stacking of ZnO primitive cell along the hexagonal principle c-axis is less than 16 atomic layers of Zn and O atoms. This structural phase transformation has been studied in terms of Coulomb energy, nature of the bond, energy due to macroscopic electric field in the [0001] direction, and the surface to volume ratio for the smaller SS. We show that the size-dependent phase transformation is completely absent for surfaces with a non-basal plane termination, and the resulting structure is less stable. Similarly, elimination of this size-dependent graphite-like structural phase transformation also occurs on the creation of O-vacancy which is investigated in terms of Coulomb attraction at the surface. Furthermore, the DFE at the (101¯0)/(1¯010) and (0001)/(0001¯) surfaces is correlated with the slab-like structures elongation in the hexagonal a- and c-axis. Electronic structure of the neutral O-vacancy at the (0001)/(0001¯) surfaces has been calculated and the effect of charge transfer between the two sides of the polar surfaces (0001)/(0001¯) on the mixing of conduction band through the 4s orbitals of the surface Zn atoms is elaborated. An insulating band structure profile for the non-polar (101¯0)/(1¯010) surfaces and for the smaller polar (0001)/(0001¯) SS without O-vacancy is also discussed. The results in this paper will be useful for the tuning of the structural and electronic properties of the (0001) and (101¯0) ZnO nanosheets by varying their size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First-principles investigation of the size-dependent structural stability and electronic properties of O-vacancies at the ZnO polar and non-polar surfaces

Wong

Alay-e-Abbas

Shaukat

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

175

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“…A piezoelectric nanogenerator that converts mechanical energy into electricity was first demonstrated using ZnO nanowire arrays [22]. Following this initial discovery, both direct current [23,499,500] and alternating current [24] ZnO nanogenerators have been developed. In addition, nanogenerators based on other materials, such as GaN nanowires [501][502][503], InN nanowires [504], AlGaN nanocones [505], CdS nanowires [506], ZnO/ZnS heterojunction nanowires [507], lead zircornia titanates (PZT) nanofibers [508], nanoribbons [509][510][511][512][513], nanotubes [514], and single crystalline nanowires [515], BaTiO 3 nanowires [516], NaNbO 3 nanowires [517], and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers [518,519], have shown promising potential for enhancing nanogenerator performance.…”

Section: Piezoelectric Nanogeneratorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-dimensional ZnO nanostructures: Solution growth and functional properties

2011

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One-dimensional (1D) ZnO nanostructures have been studied intensively and extensively over the last decade not only for their remarkable chemical and physical properties, but also for their current and future diverse technological applications. This article gives a comprehensive overview of the progress that has been made within the context of 1D ZnO nanostructures synthesized via wet chemical methods. We will cover the synthetic methodologies and corresponding growth mechanisms, different structures, doping and alloying, positioncontrolled growth on substrates, and finally, their functional properties as catalysts, hydrophobic surfaces, sensors, and in nanoelectronic, optical, optoelectronic, and energy harvesting devices.

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“…Various metal nanosystems are usually obtained with the aid of nanotemplates of porous anodic-oxidized aluminum (AOA) membranes [3][4][5], electron-beam nanolithography [6][7][8], and self-assembly processes [9,10]. It should be noted that the template approach employing AOA membranes is usually realized by means of electrolytic deposition [4,5].…”

Section: Doi: 101134/s1063785017020201mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc-nanosystem-structure formation using anodic-oxidized aluminum membranes

et al. 2017

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Abstract-We propose a new method for the formation of zinc nanosystems by condensation of a weakly supersaturated Zn vapor in pores of the anodic-oxidized aluminum membrane (AOA)-silicon substrate system. For this purpose, a weak Zn vapor flow is created by magnetron sputtering of Zn target in a high-purity inert gas atmosphere and maintaining a temperature of the porous AOA membrane outer surface higher than that of the substrate. This drives a directional Zn vapor flow inward membrane parallel to the pore generatrix and favors effective penetration of Zn vapor into the membrane. DOI: 10.1134/S1063785017020201Ordered arrays of metal and semiconductor nanoislands have drawn much research interest due to the good prospects of their use in electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, thin displays, and high-density data-storage media [1,2]. Various metal nanosystems are usually obtained with the aid of nanotemplates of porous anodic-oxidized aluminum (AOA) membranes [3][4][5], electron-beam nanolithography [6][7][8], and self-assembly processes [9,10]. It should be noted that the template approach employing AOA membranes is usually realized by means of electrolytic deposition [4,5]. A necessary condition for implementing this method is a sufficiently high electric conductivity of substrates, which imposes certain limitations on the spectrum of acceptable substrate materials.In contrast to using electrolytic deposition for the formation of ordered Zn nanoisland arrays, we propose a more universal method of substance condensation near thermodynamic equilibrium onto the anodic-oxidized aluminum membrane (AOA)-substrate system. In this case, the conductivity of a substrate is not important and the effective formation of nanosystems in the porous membrane template is favored by creating a directional vapor flow inward into the pores and maintaining vapor supersaturation at the substrate surface higher than that over the outer membrane surface. This approach allows nanosystems to be formed on arbitrary substrates.Some peculiarities of the self-organization of lowdimensional systems during the condensation of weakly supersaturated vapors have been considered in our previous works [11][12][13][14]. Particular interest is related to characteristic features of the formation of Zn nanosystems directly on the outer surface of AOA membranes under conditions of ultimately weak supersaturation of deposited vapors. The choice of zinc is explained by the fact that, in combination with a quite simple oxidation method, this approach can be used for obtaining ZnO nanosystems with a broad spectrum of potential applications.In this context, the main aim of this work was to study the mechanisms of structure formation in Zn nanosystems on the surface of a Si substrate and the outer surface of AOA membranes during the condensation of weakly supersaturated Zn vapors onto the membrane-substrate (AOA-Si) system under conditions of a lower temperature of the substrate surface as compared to that of the outer membrane surface.The condensation of a s...

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Ordered Arrays of Nanostructures and Applications in High‐Efficient Nano‐Generators

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

First-principles investigation of the size-dependent structural stability and electronic properties of O-vacancies at the ZnO polar and non-polar surfaces

First-principles investigation of the size-dependent structural stability and electronic properties of O-vacancies at the ZnO polar and non-polar surfaces

One-dimensional ZnO nanostructures: Solution growth and functional properties

Zinc-nanosystem-structure formation using anodic-oxidized aluminum membranes

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