Order and disorder in fullerene (C60) Langmuir-Blodgett films: direct imaging by scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy

Wang, Ping; Shamsuzzoha, M.; Wu, Xiaolin; Lee, Wan Jin; Metzger, Robert M.

doi:10.1021/j100201a061

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Wet processes such as the spontaneous adsorption of fullerenes from organic solvent [23][24][25]32,33,35,38,39], solution evaporation [26], and the transfer of Langmuir (L) films from the air-water interface (Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique) [21,22,[27][28][29][30][31] have also proven equally successful. For the deposition of layers on substrates, however, wet processes are generally considered to be relatively milder techniques compared to dry processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, much attention has been given to scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of fullerene adlayers on various substrates. Since the pioneering work on STM imaging of fullerenes by Wilson et al [1] and Wragg et al [2], a large number of real space STM imaging studies of fullerene molecules have been performed in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) at low temperature [3][4][5][6][7] and room temperature [1,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], in air [2,21,22], and in situ STM conducted in organic solvents [23][24][25] and aqueous solution [26][27][28][29][30]. Adlayers of C 60 [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][18][19][20]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electrochemical STM investigation of C70, C60/C70 mixed fullerene and hydrogenated fullerene adlayers on Au(111) prepared using the electrochemical replacement method

Uemura

Taniguchi

Sakata

et al. 2008

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical STM investigation of C70, C60/C70 mixed fullerene and hydrogenated fullerene adlayers on Au(111) prepared using the electrochemical replacement method

Uemura

Taniguchi

Sakata

et al. 2008

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…Using an alternative approach to the previous studies, the same group demonstrated that the fullerene can be attached into the branching shell of a dendritic [45] or diblock dendritic [46,47] structure. In this case, the C 60 units are buried in the middle of the dendrimer which provides an insulating layer around them, thus preventing the irreversible three-dimensional aggregation resulting from fullerene-fullerene interactions (for example, see: [48,49]). Finally, various studies performed recently on [60]fullerene hexakisadducts showed that hexaaddition on the carbon sphere provides not only an ideal structure to prevent aggregation phenomenon but also an optimized hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance for preparing well-ordered supramolecular assemblies at the air-water interface.…”

Section: Thin Films As Induced Organization Of [60]fullerene Hexakisamentioning

confidence: 99%

Self- or Induced Organization of [60]Fullerene Hexakisadducts

Felder‐Flesch

2013

Fullerenes and Other Carbon-Rich Nanostructures

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In the past few years, much attention has been devoted to the development of C 60 multiadducts for high-added value materials. C 60 fullerene can be considered as a versatile hard nanocore for globular systems due to its tuneable valency (1 to 6 based on cyclopropanation derivatization) and regioselective polyaddition. Therefore, hexakisadducts of C 60 are becoming an important class of carbon-based macromolecules as they offer wider possibilities for structural variations than any other organic (or inorganic) scaffolds. For example, several types of molecular geometries can be designed and controlled, thanks to regioselective functionalization methodologies. This in turn leads to new building blocks for defined supramolecular organizations. In this review, an overview of the relationships between molecular architecture and self-or induced organization of C 60 hexakisadducts is provided. This includes a description of thin films, liquidcrystalline mesophases, and nanospheres formed by such carbonaceous systems.

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“…The LB technique is particularly suited since it allows to build very regular multilayers, with a well-defined molecular orientation, and with good control over the film thickness, uniformity and architecture [13]. However, the production of Langmuir floating films of pure C 60 does not yield an ideal close-packed monolayer of fullerene, [14][15][16][17][18][19] except for extremely low concentrations of the spreading solutions, [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] suggesting that floating films of C 60 consist of more than a single layer in thickness. This behavior generates from the high cohesive energy (\ 30 kcal mol − 1 ) between the buckyballs, [27][28][29] due to the strong intermolecular attractive p -p interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide anchored Langmuir–Blodgett films of a fullerene amphiphile

Tundo

Perosa

Selva

et al. 2001

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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A new amphiphilic derivative of fullerene C 60 bearing an oligoglycyl tail (C 60 CHCOgly 2 OEt, 2) formed stable Langmuir floating films at the air-water interface. This occurred when the molecular assembly was stabilized by anchoring the amphiphilic C 60 's to the aqueous subphase, via hydrogen bonding interactions between a dipeptide (Gly-L-Leu) dissolved in the water subphase, and the oligoglycyl chain. The compression (y−A) isotherm of the Langmuir floating film constructed in such a way showed no hysteresis, was steep, and evidenced that the monolayer collapsed at a surface pressure yE65 mN m − 1 , thus confirming that the film was tightly packed, extremely stable, and rigid. A limiting area per molecule of 89.1 A , 2 was extrapolated, in agreement with the calculated cross-section area of the C 60 fullerene. On the contrary, when the dipeptide was absent and pure water was used as the subphase, the y −A isotherm yielded a limiting area B55 A , 2 which indicated the formation of multiple layers; moreover it showed significant hysteresis, the film was fragile, and it collapsed at y :50 mN m − 1 . Once anchored by the dipeptide, the floating monolayer of 2 could be transferred onto hydrophobic quartz, glass and silicon substrates, by successive vertical dipping cycles, each cycle made up of two down-strokes and two up-strokes, to yield the Langmuir-Blodgett film. Up to 200 down-and up-strokes could be repeated reproducibly, a noteworthy result for non-covalently assembled LB films of fullerenes. The transfer ratio was 1.0, except for the second down-stroke of each cycle that gave a transfer ratio of zero, making the sequence of successful transfers: D, U, U, (cleaning and spreading), D, U, U, (cleaning and spreading), and so on (D= down-stroke, U= up-stroke). The total number of deposited layers was therefore 150. X-ray diffraction spectra were registered and exhibited a peak, which was fitted by a Montecarlo method of simulation to obtain the distribution of the repeat unit responsible for scattering; such distribution, with thickness between 20 and 60 A , , was consistent with the size of the amphiphile and the transfer sequence. The UV-Vis spectra of the LB film exhibited the characteristic C 60 bands, and the absorption peaks in the 200-400 nm range were proportional to the number of layers, indicating that the deposition was reproducible and that the molecular environment of C 60 in each layer remained constant. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

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Order and disorder in fullerene (C60) Langmuir-Blodgett films: direct imaging by scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy

Cited by 52 publications

References 2 publications

Electrochemical STM investigation of C70, C60/C70 mixed fullerene and hydrogenated fullerene adlayers on Au(111) prepared using the electrochemical replacement method

Electrochemical STM investigation of C70, C60/C70 mixed fullerene and hydrogenated fullerene adlayers on Au(111) prepared using the electrochemical replacement method

Self- or Induced Organization of [60]Fullerene Hexakisadducts

Peptide anchored Langmuir–Blodgett films of a fullerene amphiphile

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