Orchidantha Sarawakensis Sp. Nov. (Zingiberales: Lowiaceae), a New Species Endemic to East Malaysia, Borneo

Syauqina, M. Y.; Meekiong, K.; Aimi-Syazana, S.

doi:10.26525/jtfs2019.31.3.371

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The family was last revised by Holttum (1970), who recognized six species. Since then about 27 species have been described, mostly from Borneo (e.g., Larsen, 1993;Nagamasu and Sakai, 1999;Pedersen, 2001;Syauqina et al, 2016Syauqina et al, , 2019Poulsen and Leong-Škorničková, 2017;Leong-Škorničková et al, 2021), but also from Peninsular Malaysia (Leong-Škorničková, 2014), Thailand (Jenjittikul and Larsen, 2003), Vietnam (Tr ần and Leong-Škorničková, 2010;Leong-Škorničková et al, 2014;Tr ần et al, 2020) and China (Fang and Qin, 1996;Zou et al, 2017Zou et al, , 2019. Lowiaceae collections are sparse in herbaria, and are likely severely under-collected as the plants are rare and often sterile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whence Came These Plants Most Foul? Phylogenomics and Biogeography of Lowiaceae (Zingiberales)

et al. 2022

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Lowiaceae (order Zingiberales) is a small family of forest herbs in Southeast Asia. All species belong to the genus Orchidantha. They are known for possessing orchid-like flowers that are smelly, apparently mimicking dead animals, feces, or mushrooms. Little is known of the biogeographic patterns or character evolution of the family. We sampled the family extensively, including many recently discovered species, and reconstructed the phylogeny of the family using HybSeq with Lowiaceae-specific RNA baits. Our phylogenetic reconstructions confirm that the family is most closely related to Strelitziaceae, and that species with dark, foul-smelling flowers form a grade in which a clade of species with paler flowers are embedded. The pale-flowered species produce a distinct odor, resembling edible mushrooms. Apart from a single species, the species from Borneo form a clade, and the same is true for Indochinese species. The remaining species form a more widespread clade. A biogeographic analysis shows that the distribution of Lowiaceae can explained by vicariance and gradual dispersal from a shared ancestral range of Borneo and Indochina. There is no evidence of long-distance dispersal, only a later extension in distribution to Peninsular Malaysia which coincides with the presence of a land bridge. Different directions of spread are possible, but none require long-distance dispersal. The results are consistent with the geological history of Southeast Asia. In particular, the relatively early isolation between Indochina and Borneo could be explained by the presence of a sea barrier that developed 10–15 MYA, and the continuous movement of plant species between Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia could be explained by a land bridge that existed until c. 5 MYA. The lack of an extensive land bridge with a suitable habitat may explain the absence of this genus from Sumatra and other Indonesian islands aside from Borneo. The strict reliance on a continuous habitat for the range expansion of Lowiaceae can be explained by their fruits and seeds, which lack obvious adaptations for long-distance dispersal. The inability to disperse to new areas may also explain why the extant species have very restricted distributions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whence Came These Plants Most Foul? Phylogenomics and Biogeography of Lowiaceae (Zingiberales)

et al. 2022

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“…While the diversity of some families is well to moderately well explored (e.g. Araceae and Zingiberaceae; Smith 1985Smith , 1986Smith , 1987Smith , 1988Smith , 1989Boyce and Julia 2006;Wong 2015, 2019, and to some extent also Lowiaceae and Taccaceae; Poulsen and Leong-Škorničková 2017;Syauqina et al 2019;Wong and Chua 2019;Leong-Škorničková et al 2021), the diversity of others remains poorly understood (e.g. Hypoxidaceae, Hanguanaceae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hanguana deflexa (Hanguanaceae), a new forest species from Sarawak, Borneo

Hroneš

Leong‐Škorničková

Niissalo

et al. 2021

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Hanguana deflexasp. nov. (Hanguanaceae) from Lawas district, Sarawak, Malaysia (northern Borneo) is described and illustrated, bringing the total number of species in Borneo to eight. The new species differs from all other recognized Hanguana species by a combination of flat leaf blade, deflexed infructescences, one-seeded dull red fruits with centrally positioned stigma and globose seed with wedge-shaped ostiole. Revised key for Bornean Hanguana species is presented.

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“…The Lowiaceae, consisting of the single genus Orchidantha, is a small family of approximately 17 species in the plant order Zingiberales, the order that contains the bananas (Musa, Musaceae) and the culinary gingers (Zingiber, Zingiberaceae). Despite a number of descriptions of new species and two pollination studies, the Lowiaceae remain one of the most poorly studied families in the plant order (Nagamasu and Sakai 1999;Sakai and Inoue 1999;Pedersen 2001;Jenjittikul and Larsen 2002;Dǎng Trân and Leong-Škorničková 2010;Leong-Škorničková 2014;Leong-Škorničková et al 2014;Zou et al 2014Zou et al , 2017Poulsen and Leong-Škorničková 2017;Vislobokov et al 2017;Syauqina et al 2019). The vegetative body of Orchidantha is rhizomatous (plant ontology [PO]:0004542), with new shoots (PO:0004701) arising from axillary buds (PO:0004709).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflorescence and Flower Development in Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu (Lowiaceae; Zingiberales): Similarities to Inflorescence Structure in the Strelitziaceae

Kirchoff

Liu

Liao

2020

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Premise of research. The monotypic Lowiaceae remains the least-known family in the plant order Zingiberales, yet it may hold an important key to unraveling the phylogenetic placement of the families Musaceae, Heliconiaceae, Strelitziaceae, and Lowiaceae. After nine phylogenetic studies, the (Lowiaceae, Strelitziaceae) clade is the only stable clade that has emerged in this half of the order. This study was undertaken to verify the unusual inflorescence and flower structure in Orchidantha and to search for new characters that might be used in future phylogenetic analyses. We describe both inflorescence and flower development in a previously unstudied species; confirm inflorescence morphology in the genus; and compare the structure of the inflorescence in the Lowiaceae with that of the Strelitziaceae, its potential sister group.Methodology. Standard collection and SEM procedures were used to collect and prepare the material for study.Pivotal results. The inflorescence of Orchidantha is borne at the end of a vegetative shoot and is composed of two lateral branches that each bear four bracts and a single flower before aborting. The fourth bract and its associated flower form the highly reduced flower cluster (florescence) that characterizes this genus. In technical terms, Orchidantha has a polytelic synflorescence that lacks a main florescence (it has a truncated polytelic synflorescence) and bears solitary flowers in coflorescences on determinate enriching branches. The enriching branches produce a fixed number of bracts before aborting (i.e., they are special paracladia). Many of these features are shared with the Strelitziaceae.Conclusions. Similarities between the Lowiaceae and Strelitziaceae include inflorescence structure; the presence of a long prolongation of the ovary; and a delay in the formation of the third sepal during flower development, a character that is also shared with the Musaceae. Inflorescence and flower structure is now well established in this small but important family.

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Orchidantha Sarawakensis Sp. Nov. (Zingiberales: Lowiaceae), a New Species Endemic to East Malaysia, Borneo

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Whence Came These Plants Most Foul? Phylogenomics and Biogeography of Lowiaceae (Zingiberales)

Whence Came These Plants Most Foul? Phylogenomics and Biogeography of Lowiaceae (Zingiberales)

Hanguana deflexa (Hanguanaceae), a new forest species from Sarawak, Borneo

Inflorescence and Flower Development in Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu (Lowiaceae; Zingiberales): Similarities to Inflorescence Structure in the Strelitziaceae

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