Orchid re-introductions: an evaluation of success and ecological considerations using key comparative studies from Australia

Reiter, Noushka; Whitfield, Julie; Pollard, Gail; Bedggood, Wendy; Argall, Mary; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Davis, Bonnie M.; Swarts, N

doi:10.1007/s11258-015-0561-x

Cited by 103 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…For example, the rewarding orchid Gymnadenia nigra and Spiranthes romanzoffiana , both recorded in only two geographical units, respectively, interact with 16 and 12 pollinator species, while the sexually deceptive orchid Ophrys insectifera , recorded in 24 geographical units, interact with only two pollinator species. Finally, it is worth noting that specialisation in orchid–pollinator associations is important in terms of conservation, as specialists may be more vulnerable to pollinator extinction than generalists (Pauw & Bond, ; Phillips et al., ; Reiter et al., ; Vogt‐Schilb, Munoz, Richard, & Schatz, ). Our study thus suggests that the most vulnerable orchids are also the ones that typically have limited geographical ranges and whose conservation status is often difficult to assess due to major taxonomic confusions (Schatz, Gauthier, Debussche, & Thompson, ; Vereecken, Dafni, & Cozzolino, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pollination strategy, phylogeny and distribution on pollination niches of Euro‐Mediterranean orchids

et al. 2018

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Pollination niches are important components of ecological niches and have played a major role in the diversification of Angiosperms. In this study, we focused on Euro‐Mediterranean orchids, which use diverse pollination strategies and interact with various functional groups of insects. In these orchids, we investigated the determinants of pollination niche breadth and overlap by analysing the orchid–pollinator network and the factors that may have shaped it. We constructed a database reporting 1,278 interactions between 243 orchid and 773 pollinator species based on a thorough literature review. We then focused on 153 orchid species for which phylogenetic data were available. We used Bayesian phylogenetic mixed models to study the relationship between specialisation (as estimated by the degree and degree in the projected network), pollination strategy and breadths of orchids’ spatial and temporal distributions, while correcting for the effect of phylogenetic relationships among orchid species and sampling effort. We then used a singular value decomposition of the orchid–pollinator matrix combined to a redundancy and variation partitioning analyses to investigate the determinants of similarity in pollination niches between orchids. Specialisation was higher in deceptive than in nectar‐producing orchids and decreased with the breadth of orchids’ spatial distribution. When interactions were considered at the insect family level, similarity in pollination niches between orchids was solely explained by their pollination strategy and phylogeny. By contrast, when they were considered at the insect species level, this similarity was primarily explained by their geographical range and flowering time, although other factors had significant effects as well, with orchids using the same pollination strategy, being closely related and growing in the same habitats sharing more insect species than expected. Synthesis. Specialisation in orchid–pollinator interactions depends on orchids’ pollination strategy and geographical range. The pool of insect families with which orchids interact depends on their pollination strategy and phylogeny, with consistent associations between some functional or phylogenetic groups of orchids and some families of pollinators. By contrast, the pool of insect species with which orchids interact depends on their spatio‐temporal distribution, suggesting that at a finer scale, orchid–pollinator interactions are more opportunistic than previously thought.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pollination strategy, phylogeny and distribution on pollination niches of Euro‐Mediterranean orchids

et al. 2018

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“…Therefore, it is important to select appropriate donor populations and places to establish new populations. Many investigators agree that finding optimal habitat sites is crucial for successful reintroduction, because the fitness of introduced plants mainly depends on favorable habitat conditions (Dalrymple et al ; Maschinski et al ; Reiter et al ). The demography and genetic diversity of donor populations should also be considered to increase success, because, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The demography and genetic diversity of donor populations should also be considered to increase success, because, e.g. survival of propagules from stable source population is higher, and moreover, higher genetic variation of source population increases adaptability of individuals in new sites (Godefroid et al ; Reiter et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, recipient sites are chosen according to expert knowledge and subjective impressions of the similarity between a habitat of current occurrence and surveyed sites. Few studies have directly investigated environmental conditions prior to the selection of a recipient site, and the number of factors included is usually limited (Maschinski et al ; Reiter et al ). Other indirect approaches of recipient site selection focus on comparing plant communities (Smith et al ; Reiter et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few studies have directly investigated environmental conditions prior to the selection of a recipient site, and the number of factors included is usually limited (Maschinski et al ; Reiter et al ). Other indirect approaches of recipient site selection focus on comparing plant communities (Smith et al ; Reiter et al ). Plant communities consist of many species with their own ecological niches, which altogether reflect the habitat characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rare plant translocation between mineral islands in Biebrza Valley (northeastern Poland): effectiveness and recipient site selection

Brzosko

Jermakowicz

Ostrowiecka

et al. 2017

Restoration Ecology

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We carried out translocations of three rare plants that inhabit mineral islands in the marshy Biebrza Valley in order to create alternative populations and facilitate connectivity between existing subpopulations. The species chosen were Iris aphylla and two orchids: Cypripedium calceolus and Cephalanthera rubra. Thirty soil monoliths with vegetative orchid plants or parts of I. aphylla rhizomes were dug out and transplanted to three different sites on new mineral islands (half in 2012 and half in 2013). Prior to translocation, we measured soil moisture and pH and took phytosociological characteristics in 68 potential recipient sites for orchids and 15 for I. aphylla. Then, we monitored the number of shoots for 4 years and retrospectively conducted principal component analysis (PCA) in order to compare the similarity of donor sites and chosen recipient sites. Three years after transplantation we found new C. calceolus populations in good condition, I. aphylla populations in moderate, while C. rubra transplants emerged only in the first and second season. All newly established populations of C. calceolus and I. aphylla survived. In the case of the first species, fruiting was observed in two populations, while a marked increase in shoot number was observed in one population. The most successful C. calceolus translocation site was also the most similar to the donor sites according to PCA.

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Genetic diversity and structure of the endangered lady's slipper orchid Cypripedium japonicum Thunb. (Orchidaceae) in Japan

et al. 2022

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Cypripedium japonicum Thunb. (Orchidaceae), once a common perennial herb, is now designated as endangered throughout most of its distribution due to habitat destruction and fragmentation, and the impacts of horticultural collection. We investigated the genetic characteristics of this species for conservation purposes, using microsatellite markers to examine the genetic diversity and structure of 15 native and 5 ex situ populations in Japan. The results imply that although allelic variation is low in Japanese C. japonicum, sexual reproduction by seed, as well as clonal propagation, may occur in some populations. Both native and ex situ populations were found to be genetically differentiated, indicating that some populations may have experienced recent population declines, genetic fragmentation, or bottlenecks. The degree of genetic drift from the putative ancestral population, inferred through STRUCTURE analysis, was more pronounced in northern populations than in southern populations. Some of the ex situ conserved populations exhibited a low degree of differentiation from ancestral native populations. Our results imply that conservation of C. japonicum in Japan is best supported by maintaining individual populations and their unique genetic characteristics.

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Orchid re-introductions: an evaluation of success and ecological considerations using key comparative studies from Australia

Cited by 103 publications

References 96 publications

Effect of pollination strategy, phylogeny and distribution on pollination niches of Euro‐Mediterranean orchids

Effect of pollination strategy, phylogeny and distribution on pollination niches of Euro‐Mediterranean orchids

Rare plant translocation between mineral islands in Biebrza Valley (northeastern Poland): effectiveness and recipient site selection

Genetic diversity and structure of the endangered lady's slipper orchid Cypripedium japonicum Thunb. (Orchidaceae) in Japan

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