Orchid Extinction over the Last 150 Years in the Czech Republic

Štípková, Zuzana; Kindlmann, Pavel

doi:10.3390/d13020078

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The need for effective conservation measures is urgently required for areas and countries that were affected by human activities in past decades, and thus have lost a part of their biodiversity or the distributions of certain species have been greatly reduced (Štípková and Kindlmann 2021;Štípková et al 2021b). It is commonly accepted that urbanization, land use changes and intensification of agriculture have resulted in a dramatic loss and fragmentation of habitats (Stewart 1992;Fischer and Stöcklin 1997;Kull et al 2002Kull et al , 2016Bilz et al 2011;Tsiftsis et al 2011).…”

Section: Orchids and Their Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 1948, small fields were consolidated into huge fields (Skaloš et al 2011) and subsidies for fertilizers were provided, which resulted in high levels of nutrient chemicals in the soil (Adams and Adams 1971). As a result, many orchids declined and can now only be found at a small number of sites (Štípková and Kindlmann 2021). After the change in regime in 1989, the subsidies for fertilizers ceased, which resulted for a while in a great decline in the use of fertilizers (Reif et al 2008).…”

Section: Orchids and Their Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the change in regime in 1989, the subsidies for fertilizers ceased, which resulted for a while in a great decline in the use of fertilizers (Reif et al 2008). The implications for the survival of sites suitable for orchids, however, were not dramatic (Štípková and Kindlmann 2021).…”

Section: Orchids and Their Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors determining the distribution of orchids – a review with examples from the Czech Republic

Štípková

Kindlmann

2021

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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The natural environment has been significantly altered by human activity over the past few decades. There is evidence we are now experiencing the sixth mass extinction, as many species of plants and animals are declining in abundance. We focused on the Orchidaceae because this plant family has experienced one of the biggest reductions in distribution. We investigated patterns in species richness and distribution of orchids, the rate and causes of their decrease and extinction, and factors influencing their occurrence in the Czech Republic and Greece. The key findings are: (i) Method of pollination and type of rooting system are associated with their distributions and they are different in the two countries. We assume that these differences might be due to the difference in the orography, distribution of suitable habitats and types of bedrock in these two countries. (ii) The greatest reduction in distribution was recorded for critically endangered taxa of orchids. The number of sites suitable for orchids in the Czech Republic declined by 8-92%. The most threatened orchid species are Spiranthes spiralis, Anacamptis palustris, Epipogium aphyllum and Goodyera repens. The distribution of orchids in the Czech Republic is mainly determined by the distribution of their habitats. (iii) The most important factor affecting the distribution of Czech orchids in South Bohemia is land cover. And the most important types of habitats (types in KVES) are oak and oak-hornbeam forests and agricultural meadows. Based on this information, it should be possible to improve the management that is crucial for maintaining orchid localities.

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Section: Orchids and Their Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Orchids and Their Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors determining the distribution of orchids – a review with examples from the Czech Republic

Štípková

Kindlmann

2021

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…Several researchers have studied the species richness patterns of orchids in relation to the impact of climate change, and their conservation status on a regional or global scale [15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. For example, Huang et al [15], revealed the hotspots and species richness of Orchidaceae in China, including 1449 species, of which 97% were included in protected areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchids of Mongolia: Taxonomy, Species Richness and Conservation Status

Baasanmunkh

Oyuntsetseg

Efimov³

et al. 2021

Diversity

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Orchidaceae is a diverse, globally important plant family with high conservation assessment and prioritization requirements. The checklist of Orchidaceae in Mongolia was updated based on herbarium materials, literature, and field observations. Mongolian orchids were revised as comprising 26 taxa belonging to 14 genera with major updates were conducted on Herminium and Epipactis. In particular, H. alaschanicum, previously noted in the Alashan Gobi region, was added to the flora of Mongolia based on literature and type specimens. Epipactis helleborine and E. palustris were excluded from the Mongolian flora owing to the absence of herbarium specimens and wild collection from Mongolia. Assessment of all orchid species at the national level resulted in 1, 4, 7, 11, and 2 species as critically endangered (CR), endangered (EN), vulnerable (VU), near threatened (NT), and data deficient (DD), respectively, according to IUCN criteria. Species richness and conservation gap analyses of 970 georeferenced orchid records based on 0.5° × 0.5° grid cells across 16 phytogeographical regions of Mongolia, showed that four phytogeographical regions, Khangai, Khuvgul, Khentii and Mongolian Dauria, have a high number of orchids. Regrettably, most orchid-rich locations in Mongolia are not fully within protected areas, highlighting the need for protection management updates. Based on herbarium collections, we prepared grid distribution maps of the 26 taxa using 40 × 40 km2 grids. Photographs of 18 taxa taken during fieldwork were included, providing valuable information on species morphology and typical habitat.

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“…The need for taking effective conservation measures is urgently required for areas and countries that have been affected by human activities in the past decades, and thus have lost a part of their biodiversity or their species distributions have been largely diminished [11,12]. This is especially true in the case of Central European countries, which have been intensively affected by land use change or agricultural intensification [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Orchids with Different Rooting Systems in the Czech Republic

Štípková

Tsiftsis

Kindlmann

2021

Plants

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Understanding diversity patterns along altitudinal gradients and the effect of global change on abundance, distribution patterns and species survival are of the most discussed topics in biodiversity research. Here, we determined the associations of orchid species richness and the degree of their specialization to specific environmental conditions (expressed by species specialization index) with altitude in six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We distinguished three basic trends in these relationships: linear, parabolic and cubic. We then determined whether these trends differ between three orchid groups classified by their rooting systems: rhizomatous, intermediate and tuberous. We used distributional data on 69 species and subspecies of terrestrial orchids recorded in the Czech Republic and interpolated them at 100-m intervals along an altitudinal gradient in each floristic area. The trends in both species richness and mean species specialization index differed between the six floristic areas within each of the three orchid groups studied. These patterns are probably strongly influenced by the orography of the country and the distribution of different habitats in the six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We also found that the most widely distributed orchid group in the Czech Republic are the rhizomatous orchids, followed by intermediate and tuberous ones.

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Orchid Extinction over the Last 150 Years in the Czech Republic

Cited by 10 publications

References 58 publications

Factors determining the distribution of orchids – a review with examples from the Czech Republic

Factors determining the distribution of orchids – a review with examples from the Czech Republic

Orchids of Mongolia: Taxonomy, Species Richness and Conservation Status

Distribution of Orchids with Different Rooting Systems in the Czech Republic

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