The increasing prevalence and seriousness of apple blotch in Illinois and thruout the United States, and the inadequacy of present control measures emphasize the need of detailed study of the life history and habits of the causal organism, Phyllosticta solitaria E. & E. Since the first published account of the disease on the commercial apple in 1902, valuable observations and isolated facts have been presented by many investigators. Existing publications on the disease, however, show a lack of knowledge of many important phases of nje organism necessary for its successful control. THE DISEASE NAMES APPLIED Before anything definite was known about apple blotch, fruit growers regarded it as an unusual stage of apple scab or apple bitter rot. Up to 1907, the disease was known variously as "apple blotch," ' ' fruit blotch, " ' ' dry rot, " ' < black scab, "" late scab, " " cancer, " ' ' tar blotch," "Phyllosticta," ' ' Phyllostictose, " "star fungus," "Phyllosticta spot," or ' ' Phyllosticta on the apple." As more was known about the disease it came generally to be referred to as apple blotch, and this is the name that will be used in this bulletin. HISTORICAL **' $> Specimens of fhe disease were first collected in October, 1893, by L. M. Underwood 92 on the leaves of the American crab apple (Pyrus coronaria L.) in Montgomery county, Indiana. They were submitted for examination to J. B. Ellis, who determined the causal organism to be a Phyllosticta, to which he gave the name Phyllosticta solitaria; in 1895, he furnished a meagre description of it. A few months previous to the publication of the description of Phyllosticta solitaria, by Ellis and Everhart, 30 M. B. Waite, pathologist of the Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, photographed blotched a The results presented in this bulletin form part of a thesis submitted by the author to the Graduate School of the University of Illinois in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in botany, May, 1923.