Orbital Septa: Anatomy and Function

Koornneef, L.

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(79)35444-6

Cited by 169 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The venous drainage of the paranasal sinuses and the middle part of the face is connected with the pterygoid and cranial venous system via the orbital venous system. The absence of valves in the orbital venous system also enables upgrading or downgrading of infections (14,15). Although the most important risk factor for the development of orbital cellulitis is paranasal sinusitis, any infection including conjunctivitis, dacryoadenitis, and hordeolum or trauma in the eye and adjacent tissues may lead to preseptal cellulitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of patients with orbital infections

et al. 2018

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Aim: Orbital tissue infections are common infections of childhood that can lead to severe complications. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the etiologic factors, diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment procedures in pediatric patients with orbital infections. Material and Methods:This study was performed retrospectively between January 2014 and December 2015 in Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit. Patients were studied for age, ophthalmologic examination features, laboratory and radiology results, treatment modalities, and the response to these treatments.Results: Thirty-six patients (21 males, 15 females) with an average age of 71.43±42.24 months (5-168 months) participated in the study in the two-year period. Thirty-two patients (88.9%) had preseptal cellulitis, and four (11.9%) had orbital cellulitis. All patients had eyelid hyperemia, edema, and ocular pain, with chemosis in seven and proptosis in four cases. Twenty-five patients were admitted with fever. All cases were unilateral and 44.4% occurred secondary to paranasal sinusitis. All cases were treated with intravenous cefazolin-amikacin. The mean of duration of hospitalization was 12.02±8.75 days (range, 3-28 days) and the duration of parental antibiotics was 12.83±8.18 days (range, 7-21 days). All patients recovered without any vision loss, only one patient experienced subdural empyema complicating preseptal cellulitis. Conclusions:Most orbital tissue infections occur secondary to paranasal sinusitis in childhood. Orbital tissue infections can be complicated by brain abscess, cavernous sinus thrombophlebitis, and vision loss. Early diagnosis and proper antibiotic treatment are essential to prevent these life-threatening complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of patients with orbital infections

et al. 2018

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“…This may fit the morphofunctional role of fibroadipose tissue in other regions. The orbital areolar connective tissue is an important suspensor mechanism of the eye, cooperating closely with the other orbital structures and forming a functional anatomic entity [Koornneef, 1979]. Retroperitoneal pelvic connective tissue may act as a shock absorber, particularly efficient in response to sudden increases in abdominal pressure [De Caro et al, 1998].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histotopographic Study of the Fibroadipose Connective Cheek System

Macchi¹,

Tiengo²,

Porzionato³

et al. 2009

Cells Tissues Organs

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS). Eight embalmed cadavers were analyzed: one side of the face was macroscopically dissected; on the other side, full-thickness samples of the parotid, zygomatic, nasolabial fold and buccal regions were taken. In all specimens, a laminar connective tissue layer (SMAS) bounding two different fibroadipose connective layers was identified. The superficial fibroadipose layer presented vertically oriented fibrous septa, connecting the dermis with the superficial aspect of the SMAS. In the deep fibroadipose connective layer, the fibrous septa were obliquely oriented, connecting the deep aspect of the SMAS to the parotid-masseteric fascia. This basic arrangement shows progressive thinning of the SMAS from the preauricular district to the nasolabial fold (p < 0.05). In the parotid region, the mean thicknesses of the superficial and deep fibroadipose connective tissues were 1.63 and 0.8 mm, respectively, whereas in the region of the nasolabial fold the superficial layer is not recognizable and the mean thickness of the deep fibroadipose connective layer was 2.9 mm. The connective subcutaneous tissue of the face forms a three-dimensional network connecting the SMAS to the dermis and deep muscles. These connective laminae connect adipose lobules of various sizes within the superficial and deep fibroadipose tissues, creating a three-dimensional network which modulates transmission of muscle contractions to the skin. Changes in the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fibroadipose connective system, reducing its viscoelastic properties, may contribute to ptosis of facial soft tissues during aging.

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“…aids movement. Anteriorly, the fat is dense and is divided into distinct compartments by a complex system of connective tissue septa characterized by Koorneef 17,18 after studying thick serial sections of the orbit. Orbital movement is facilitated by sliding of the orbital septa over each other and motility restriction results from scarring of the orbital septa owing to trauma or inflammation.…”

Section: The Orbital Fat and Periorbitamentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on orbital anatomy

René

2006

Eye

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The orbit is a confined space bounded by four bony walls. Apart from the globe, orbital fat, and extraocular muscles it contains many important neurovascular structures. It is intimately related to the paranasal sinuses as well as the anterior and middle cranial fossae. Consequently, sinus pathology and intracranial disease may spread to involve the orbit and the converse applies. A thorough understanding of orbital anatomy is essential to fully appreciate the effects of disease on the orbit and is of paramount importance for performing safe orbital surgery. The anatomy of the orbit is discussed with reference to relevant orbital disease.

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Orbital Septa: Anatomy and Function

Cited by 169 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of patients with orbital infections

Evaluation of patients with orbital infections

Histotopographic Study of the Fibroadipose Connective Cheek System

Update on orbital anatomy

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