Orbital Forcing on Continental Depositional System–Lacustrine and Fluvial Cyclicity in the Devonian of East Greenland

Olsen, Heidi A.

doi:10.1002/9781444304039.ch26

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Milankovitch periods are also evident from spectral analysis of gamma-ray logs of Late Devonian black shales (Algeo et al 2006), although with thinner intervals in sediment-starved marine basins and in much more complete sections than the palaeochannel-rich Catskill Formation (Cotter & Driese 1998). These palaeosol-derived palaeoclimatic data confirm that Late Devonian sedimentary cycles were cued to climatic cycles on Milankovitch time scales (van Tassell 1987(van Tassell , 1994Olsen 1994;Cotter & Driese 1998;Chen & Tucker 2003;Algeo et al 2006), rather than purely sedimentary rhythms of stream meander or avulsion, or delta cutoffs unrelated to climatic rhythms.…”

Section: Milankovitch Cyclessupporting

confidence: 61%

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Retallack

Hunt

White

2009

JGS

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Late Devonian (Famennian) tetrapods from the Duncannon Member of the Catskill Formation, near Hyner (Pennsylvania, USA) have been found within palaeosols that offer a new line of evidence for their ancient environments. Hyner has yielded at least two fossil tetrapod species, Hynerpeton basseti and Densignathus rowei. Subhumid Vertisol palaeosols and semiarid Aridisol palaeosols alternate at Hyner, as in other Catskill Formation sedimentary cycles attributed to Milankovitch-eccentricity periods (100 ka). Tetrapods were found in palaeosols of subhumid, not semiarid, phases of 100 ka palaeoclimate cycles. In addition, palaeosols at Hyner record an unusually warm and wet climatic episode compared with other palaeosols of the Catskill Formation, and correlated with the European Annulata black shale event. Tetrapod bones are cracked and disarticulated in red palaeosols of an oxbow lake margin, as if victims of dry-season death, decay, and subaerial weathering. Vegetation-choked swales and floodplains would have afforded shelter from 3-4 m long predatory fish (Hyneria lindae) of open water, and offered food of large dead fish, small live fish, arachnids, myriapods and scorpions. If these early tetrapods lived on land at all, it was during wet seasons of feeding and breeding, rather than fatally dry seasons.

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Section: Milankovitch Cyclessupporting

confidence: 61%

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Retallack

Hunt

White

2009

JGS

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“…Steel & Aasheim 1978;Olsen 1987;Newell et al 1999;Catuneanu & Elango 2001;Juhasz et al 2007;Kallmeyer et al 2010) or climate changes (e.g. Clemmensen et al 1989;Olsen 1990Olsen , 1994Kelly 1992;Blum & Törnqvist 2000;Gibbard & Lewin 2002;Gao et al 2007;Amorosi et al 2008;Sangen et al 2011). In addition, the sedimentological record is distorted by flooding events and related erosion, as well as by autocyclic displacement of active channels.…”

Section: Milankovitch Cycles In Fluvial Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Olsen (1990Olsen ( , 1994 reconstructed discharge rate fluctuations during the Upper Devonian (Famennian) by investigating channel geometry and the thickness of individual channel fillings of a meandering river system in East Greenland. Using three-dimensional outcrops, he could exclude the influence of changing positions within a single meander.…”

Section: Milankovitch Cycles In Fluvial Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continental Upper Carboniferous red beds in the Variscan intermontane Saale Basin, central Germany: orbital forcing detected by wavelet analysis

Gebhardt

Hiete

2013

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Stratigraphical correlation within continental red beds is hampered by uniformity of sediments and the lack of fossils, such that classical lithostratigraphical and biostratigraphical methods often fail. For a drilled section of Upper Carboniferous non-marine sediments of the Variscan intermontane Saale Basin, almost 800 m in thickness, an alternative approach is proposed. Wavelet-based time-series analysis is used to identify the internal organization of the cyclicity, and to distinguish cycles of different magnitude and origin as being autocyclically, tectonically or climatically controlled. Based on this distinction, basin-wide correlations of fluvial red beds are possible using a combination of high-resolution stratigraphy, biostratigraphy and classical lithostratigraphy. The analyses of well Querfurt 1/64 suggest the presence of short and long eccentricity cycles, and a duration of 5-7 Ma if the grey facies at the base of the section is to be correlated with the Grillenberg Subformation sediments. This subformation is of Stephanian A or Barruelian age, respectively, such that the well Querfurt 1/64 exposes a nearly complete section of the Mansfeld Subgroup (complete Stephanian stage).

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“…It precludes proper assessment of timescales, lateral extents of facies and inter‐facies connections. Not surprisingly, only a few pre‐Quaternary studies have documented impacts of orbital‐forced climate changes on sedimentation in fluvial systems (Olsen, ; Olsen et al ., ; Fielding & Webb, ; Abels et al ., ; Noorbergen et al ., ). These studies deal with fluvial stratigraphic architectures that are dominated by aggradation and lack valley‐related unconformable surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐eccentricity regulated climate control on fluvial incision and aggradation in the Palaeocene of north‐eastern Montana (USA)

et al. 2020

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Aggradation and fluvial incision controlled by downstream base‐level changes at timescales of 10 to 500 kyr is incorporated in classic sequence stratigraphic models. However, upstream climate control on sediment supply and discharge variability causes fluvial incision and aggradation as well. Orbital forcing often regulates climate change at 10 to 500 kyr timescales while tectonic processes such as flexural (un)loading exert a dominant control at timescales longer than 500 kyr. It remains challenging to attribute fluvial incision and aggradation to upstream or downstream processes or disentangle allogenic from autogenic forcing, because time control is mostly limited in fluvial successions. The Palaeocene outcrops of the fluvial Lebo Shale Member in north‐eastern Montana (Williston Basin, USA) constitute an exception. This study uses a distinctive tephra layer and two geomagnetic polarity reversals to create a 15 km long chronostratigraphic framework based on the correlation of twelve sections. Three aggradation–incision sequences are identified with durations of approximately 400 kyr, suggesting a relation with long‐eccentricity. This age control further reveals that incision occurred during the approach of – or during – a 405 kyr long‐eccentricity minimum. A long‐term relaxation of the hydrological cycle related to such an orbital phasing potentially exerts an upstream climate control on river incision. Upstream, an expanding vegetation cover is expected because of an increasingly constant moisture supply to source areas. Entrapping by vegetation led to a significantly reduced sediment supply relative to discharge, especially at times of low evapotranspiration. Hence, high discharges resulted in incision. This study assesses the long‐eccentricity regulated climate control on fluvial aggradation and incision in a new aggradation–incision sequence model.

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Orbital Forcing on Continental Depositional System–Lacustrine and Fluvial Cyclicity in the Devonian of East Greenland

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Late Devonian tetrapod habitats indicated by palaeosols in Pennsylvania

Continental Upper Carboniferous red beds in the Variscan intermontane Saale Basin, central Germany: orbital forcing detected by wavelet analysis

Long‐eccentricity regulated climate control on fluvial incision and aggradation in the Palaeocene of north‐eastern Montana (USA)

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