Orbital Cowpox

Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK

“…Other researchers have previously suggested that source control could be beneficial for complicated orthopoxvirus lesions. 22 We are aware of one previous report of a child in the USA with monkeypox and a radiologically confirmed retropharyngeal abscess. The aetiology of the abscess was not definitively confirmed, and it resolved without drainage.…”

“… 17 , 18 , 19 Neither drug has been studied in human efficacy trials; however, both drugs demonstrated efficacy against other orthopoxviruses (including monkeypox) in animal models. There are reports of compassionate use of tecovirimat for complicated vaccinia 20 , 21 and cowpox, 22 with no concerning safety signals identified. An expanded access programme for tecovirimat is in preparation in the Central African Republic, where monkeypox outbreaks are common.…”

The Disease Ecology, Epidemiology, Clinical Manifestations, Management, Prevention, and Control of Increasing Human Infections with Animal Orthopoxviruses

“…In 2021, ophthalmologists in London reported the successful use of oral tecovirimat in the management of a case of orbital cowpox in a 28-y-old female patient who presented with conjunctival necrosis, orbital swelling, and ophthalmoplegia after failed treatment with topical and intravenous antibiotics and steroids. 38 Two weeks before the patient first presented with symptoms, her pet cat developed lesions on its head and paws that were scraped by a veterinarian and tested positive for orthopoxvirus by PCR. 38 A PCR test on a conjunctival swab from the patient also tested positive for orthopoxvirus, and genome sequencing documented a diagnosis of cowpox in the patient and her cat.…”

Monkeypox: A Contemporary Review for Healthcare Professionals

“…It was also approved by the European Medicines Agency in January 2022 for treatment of smallpox and cowpox [ 107 ]. It has been used in several case reports for the treatment of disseminated and ocular infections with cowpox [ 96 , 97 , 102 ] and Vaccinia infection as part of a multidrug treatment regimen [ 84 , 94 , 100 ]. Tecovirimat was also used as prophylaxis to prevent development of progressive Vaccinia in a 19-year-old man who had received smallpox vaccination and was diagnosed with AML soon after vaccination [ 98 ].…”