Orbital chronology of Early Eocene hyperthermals from the Contessa Road section, central Italy

Galeotti, Simone; Krishnan, Srinath; Pagani, Mark; Lanci, L.; Gaudio, Alberto; Zachos, James C; Monechi, Simonetta; Morelli, Guia; Lourens, Lucas Joost

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.12.021

Cited by 123 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…During the PETM global temper-V. Lauretano et al: Frequency, magnitude and character of hyperthermal events ature rose by 5-8 • C, and massive amounts of carbon were released as evidenced by a significant negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) of > 3 ‰ in the ocean/atmosphere carbon pools, and widespread dissolution of seafloor carbonate (Kennett and Stott, 1991;Dickens et al, 1995;Thomas and Shackleton, 1996;Zachos et al, 2005Zachos et al, , 2008Sluijs et al, 2007;McInerney and Wing, 2011). A series of similar events are recorded in carbonate records from marine and continental deposits from the early Paleogene, as expressed by negative excursions in δ 13 C and δ 18 O often accompanied by dissolution horizons (e.g., Cramer et al, 2003;Lourens et al, 2005;Agnini et al, 2009;Galeotti et al, 2010;Stap et al, 2010;Zachos et al, 2010;Abels et al, 2012Abels et al, , 2015Slotnick et al, 2012;Kirtland Turner et al, 2014;Littler et al, 2014). Orbitally tuned records for this geological interval provide evidence that the early Eocene hyperthermal events were paced by variations in the Earth's orbit, specifically in the long-and short-eccentricity cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Frequency, magnitude and character of hyperthermal events at the onset of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Recent studies have shown that the Early EoceneClimatic Optimum (EECO) was preceded by a series of short-lived global warming events, known as hyperthermals. Here we present high-resolution benthic stable carbon and oxygen isotope records from ODP Sites 1262 and 1263 (Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic) between ∼ 54 and ∼ 52 million years ago, tightly constraining the character, timing, and magnitude of six prominent hyperthermal events. These events, which include Eocene Thermal Maximum (ETM) 2 and 3, are studied in relation to orbital forcing and long-term trends. Our findings reveal an almost linear relationship between δ 13 C and δ 18 O for all these hyperthermals, indicating that the eccentricity-paced covariance between deep-sea temperature changes and extreme perturbations in the exogenic carbon pool persisted during these events towards the onset of the EECO, in accordance with previous observations for the Paleocene Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and ETM2. The covariance of δ 13 C and δ 18 O during H2 and I2, which are the second pulses of the "paired" hyperthermal events ETM2-H2 and I1-I2, deviates with respect to the other events. We hypothesize that this could relate to a relatively higher contribution of an isotopically heavier source of carbon, such as peat or permafrost, and/or to climate feedbacks/local changes in circulation. Finally, the δ 18 O records of the two sites show a systematic offset with on average 0.2 ‰ heavier values for the shallower Site 1263, which we link to a slightly heavier isotopic composition of the intermediate water mass reaching the northeastern flank of the Walvis Ridge compared to that of the deeper northwestern water mass at Site 1262.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Frequency, magnitude and character of hyperthermal events at the onset of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

et al. 2015

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“…This highest occurrence close to the CIE was also encountered in other Egyptian sections such as Gebel Aweina, Gebel Duwi, and Gebel Abu Had (Aubry, 1998; von Salis et al, 1998), in the Contessa section in Italy (Galeotti et al, 2010), and in the Zumaya and Alamedilla sections in Spain (Monechi et al, 2000a(Monechi et al, , 2000b. The HO of Fasciculithus alanii coincides with the NP9a/NP9b subzonal boundary in the Gebel Matulla section.…”

Section: Gebel Matulla Section (mentioning

confidence: 85%

Calcareous nannofossils of the Paleocene–Eocene transition in four sections from Egypt

Faris¹,

Farouk²

2015

Turkish J Earth Sci

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A detailed analysis of calcareous nannofossil assemblages was carried out across the Paleocene-Eocene transition in four outcrops in Egypt (the Gebel Matulla, Markha, El-Quss Abu Said, and Gebel Duwi sections) that span the Discoaster multiradiatus (NP9) to Discoaster binodosus (NP11) zones. The Paleocene-Eocene (P/E) boundary is placed in the lower part of the Esna Shale Formation based on the LOs of the Calcareous Nannofossil Excursion Taxa (CNET or RD) that define the base of NP9b. The studied sections are considered complete and document the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The occurrences of long-armed and asymmetrical discoasters (e.g., D. araneus, D. anartios) and rhomboasters (e.g., R. intermedia, R. bitrifidia, and R. spineus) are characteristic of the PETM interval. A sharp decrease in the diversification of Fasciculithus is noted at the onset of PETM. The abundance of Zygrhablithus bijugatus increases and corresponds with the dramatic decline in the oligotrophic Fasciculithus above the Paleocene/ Eocene boundary and appears to be a significant global event. The Discoaster, Fasciculithus, and Rhomboaster species reflect relatively warm and, probably, oligotrophic surface waters. A minor hiatus in most of the studied sections near the upper part of Zone NP10 has been recorded in many parts of the world and reflects a global sea level drop.

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“…This carbon isotope excursion of >1.0 ‰ is confirmed by measurements on C. decoratus, A. acutus and A. zitteli. It is most likely related to one of the early Eocene Carbon Isotope Excursions (CIEs) (Cramer et al, 2003;Galeotti et al, 2010) and its association with a negative oxygen isotope excursion suggests that it may involve a hyperthermal event. Considering the magnitude of the CIE (1-1.5 ‰) and its position close to the basis of NP11, ETM2 (Lourens et al, 2005) is a likely candidate for this potential hyperthermal.…”

Section: Isotope Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Eocene environmental development in the northern Peri-Tethys (Aktulagay, Kazakhstan) based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and stable isotopes (O, C)

Deprez

Tesseur

Stassen

et al. 2015

Marine Micropaleontology

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Orbital chronology of Early Eocene hyperthermals from the Contessa Road section, central Italy

Cited by 123 publications

References 33 publications

Frequency, magnitude and character of hyperthermal events at the onset of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

Frequency, magnitude and character of hyperthermal events at the onset of the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum

Calcareous nannofossils of the Paleocene–Eocene transition in four sections from Egypt

Early Eocene environmental development in the northern Peri-Tethys (Aktulagay, Kazakhstan) based on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and stable isotopes (O, C)

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